MATLAB仿真-在频谱上显示内插和抽取效果

目录

结论

2倍内插仿真

 2倍抽取仿真

---

结论

内插频谱压缩，抽取频谱扩展。

2倍内插仿真

以下是2倍内插前后的频谱图对比，可以看出：

2倍内插即将原频谱2倍压缩，原40Hz处变成了20Hz，原25Hz变成了12.5Hz。

测试代码如下：

fs = 120;                                % sample frequency (Hz)
t = 0:1/fs:10-1/fs;                      % 10 second span time vector
x = (1.0)*sin(2*pi*15*t) ...             % 15 Hz component
  + (1.5)*sin(2*pi*20*(t-2)) ...         % 40 Hz component
  + (3.0)*sin(2*pi*25*(t-2)) ...         % 40 Hz component
  + (0.5)*sin(2*pi*30*t) ...             % 15 Hz component
  + (1.0)*sin(2*pi*40*(t-2)) ...         % 40 Hz component
  + (1.5)*sin(2*pi*50*(t-2)) ...         % 40 Hz component
  
  + 2.5*gallery('normaldata',size(t),4); % Gaussian noise;

y = fft(x);
n = length(x);          % number of samples
y0 = fftshift(y);         % shift y values
f0 = (-n/2:n/2-1)*(fs/n); % 0-centered frequency range
power0 = abs(y0).^2/n;    % 0-centered power

subplot(2,1,1);plot(f0,power0)
xlabel('Frequency(Hz)')
ylabel('Power')
title('原始信号频谱');
x = interp(x,2);
y = fft(x);
n = length(x);          % number of samples
y0 = fftshift(y);         % shift y values
f0 = (-n/2:n/2-1)*(fs/n); % 0-centered frequency range
power0 = abs(y0).^2/n;    % 0-centered power

subplot(2,1,2);plot(f0,power0)
xlabel('Frequency(Hz)')
ylabel('Power')
title('2倍内插后的频谱');

 2倍抽取仿真

以下是2倍抽取前后的频谱图对比，可以看出：

2倍抽取即将原频谱2倍扩展，原30Hz变成了60Hz，原15Hz变成了30Hz。

测试代码如下：

%% Decimate a Signal
% Create a sinusoidal signal sampled at 4 kHz. Decimate it by a factor of
% four.

% Copyright 2015 The MathWorks, Inc.


%%
fs = 200; 
t = 0:.00025:1;
t = 0:1/fs:1-1/fs;                      % 1 second span time vector
x = 0.5*sin(2*pi*1*t)+1*sin(2*pi*15*t)+1.5*sin(2*pi*30*t) +1.0*sin(2*pi*45*t)+ 0.5*sin(2*pi*60*t);

y = fft(x);
y0 = fftshift(y);         % shift y values
n = length(x);
f = (-n/2:n/2-1)*(fs/n);
power = abs(y0).^2/n;

subplot(3, 1, 1); plot(f, power); title('抽取前的频谱');
xlabel('Frequency');
ylabel('Power');

fs_4 = fs  ;
x_4 = decimate(x,2);
y = fft(x_4);
y_4 = fftshift(y);         % shift y values
n_4 = length(x_4);          % number of samples
f_4 = (-n_4/2:n_4/2-1)*(fs_4/n_4);     % frequency range
power_4 = abs(y_4).^2/n_4;    % power of the DFT

subplot(3, 1, 2); plot(f_4, power_4); title('2倍抽取后的频谱');
xlabel('Frequency');
ylabel('Power');