MVC系列教材（三）- 结合Servlet和JSP 实现分页功能

Lan_ht

已于 2023-09-24 16:24:25 修改

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分类专栏： Java 文章标签： mvc servlet java

于 2023-09-23 16:17:48 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Lan_ht/article/details/133209410

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随着数据中记录的增多，网页上显示的数据会越来越多。

当多到一定程度的时候，就会影响用户的体验。

解决办法是通过分页技术，一次只显示数据库中的部分数据，如果要看其他数据，可以通过"下一页" "最后一页" 等翻页操作实现

步骤1:首先准备 DAO
步骤2:只显示5条数据
步骤3:下一页
步骤4:上一页
步骤5:第一页
步骤6:最后一页
步骤7:边界处理
步骤8:套上Bootstrap

步骤 1 : 首先准备 DAO

在DAO中提供方法

public List<Hero> list(int start, int count)

start表示开始的个数，count表示取多少条
比如 list(0, 5) ，即表示第一页，每页有5条数据
比如 list(5, 5) ，即表示第二页，每页有5条数据

package dao;

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import java.sql.Statement;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import bean.Hero;

public class HeroDAO {

public int getTotal() {

int total = 0;

try {

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8",

"root", "admin");

Statement s = c.createStatement();

String sql = "select count(*) from hero";

ResultSet rs = s.executeQuery(sql);

while (rs.next()) {

total = rs.getInt(1);

}

System.out.println("total:" + total);

s.close();

c.close();

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return total;

}

public void add(Hero hero) {

try {

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8",

"root", "admin");

String sql = "insert into hero values(null,?,?,?)";

PreparedStatement ps = c.prepareStatement(sql);

ps.setString(1, hero.name);

ps.setFloat(2, hero.hp);

ps.setInt(3, hero.damage);

ps.execute();

ResultSet rs = ps.getGeneratedKeys();

if (rs.next()) {

int id = rs.getInt(1);

hero.id = id;

}

ps.close();

c.close();

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

public void update(Hero hero) {

try {

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8",

"root", "admin");

String sql = "update hero set name= ?, hp = ? , damage = ? where id = ?";

PreparedStatement ps = c.prepareStatement(sql);

ps.setString(1, hero.name);

ps.setFloat(2, hero.hp);

ps.setInt(3, hero.damage);

ps.setInt(4, hero.id);

ps.execute();

ps.close();

c.close();

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

public void delete(int id) {

try {

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8",

"root", "admin");

Statement s = c.createStatement();

String sql = "delete from hero where id = " + id;

s.execute(sql);

s.close();

c.close();

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

public Hero get(int id) {

Hero hero = null;

try {

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8",

"root", "admin");

Statement s = c.createStatement();

String sql = "select * from hero where id = " + id;

ResultSet rs = s.executeQuery(sql);

if (rs.next()) {

hero = new Hero();

String name = rs.getString(2);

float hp = rs.getFloat("hp");

int damage = rs.getInt(4);

hero.name = name;

hero.hp = hp;

hero.damage = damage;

hero.id = id;

}

s.close();

c.close();

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return hero;

}

public List<Hero> list() {

return list(0, Short.MAX_VALUE);

}

public List<Hero> list(int start, int count) {

List<Hero> heros = new ArrayList<Hero>();

try {

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8",

"root", "admin");

String sql = "select * from hero order by id desc limit ?,? ";

PreparedStatement ps = c.prepareStatement(sql);

ps.setInt(1, start);

ps.setInt(2, count);

ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();

while (rs.next()) {

Hero hero = new Hero();

int id = rs.getInt(1);

String name = rs.getString(2);

float hp = rs.getFloat("hp");

int damage = rs.getInt(4);

hero.id = id;

hero.name = name;

hero.hp = hp;

hero.damage = damage;

heros.add(hero);

}

ps.close();

c.close();

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return heros;

}

步骤 2 : 只显示5条数据

修改HeroListServlet

int start = 0;

int count = 5;

List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count);

即表示只获取5条数据

package servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import bean.Hero;

import dao.HeroDAO;

public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");

int start = 0;

int count = 5;

List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count);

request.setAttribute("heros", heros);

request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response);

}

步骤 3 : 下一页

HeroListServlet :
通过参数获取start，如果浏览器没有传递参数，就设置为0。
根据start，计算next. next的值就是start+count.
然后把next传递给listHero.jsp

listHero.jsp
在最后面增加一个超链

<a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a>

start=${next} 从服务器传递过来的next值

package servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import bean.Hero;

import dao.HeroDAO;

public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");

int start = 0;

int count = 5;

try {

start = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("start"));

} catch (NumberFormatException e) {

// 当浏览器没有传参数start时

}

int next = start + count;

List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count);

request.setAttribute("next", next);

request.setAttribute("heros", heros);

request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response);

}

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

<table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'>

<tr>

<td>id</td>

<td>name</td>

<td>hp</td>

<td>damage</td>

<td>edit</td>

<td>delete</td>

</tr>

<c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st">

<tr>

<td>${hero.id}</td>

<td>${hero.name}</td>

<td>${hero.hp}</td>

<td>${hero.damage}</td>

<td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">edit</a></td>

<td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">delete</a></td>

</tr>

</c:forEach>

<tr>

<td colspan="6" align="center">

<a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

步骤 4 : 上一页

HeroListServlet:
根据start，计算pre. pre的值就是start-count.
然后把pre传递给listHero.jsp

listHero.jsp
在下一页前增加一个超链

<a href="?start=${pre}">[上一页]</a>

start=${pre} 从服务器传递过来的pre值

package servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import bean.Hero;

import dao.HeroDAO;

public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");

int start = 0;

int count = 5;

try {

start = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("start"));

} catch (NumberFormatException e) {

// 当浏览器没有传参数start时

}

int next = start + count;

int pre = start - count;

request.setAttribute("next", next);

request.setAttribute("pre", pre);

List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count);

request.setAttribute("heros", heros);

request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response);

}

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

<table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'>

<tr>

<td>id</td>

<td>name</td>

<td>hp</td>

<td>damage</td>

<td>edit</td>

<td>delete</td>

</tr>

<c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st">

<tr>

<td>${hero.id}</td>

<td>${hero.name}</td>

<td>${hero.hp}</td>

<td>${hero.damage}</td>

<td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">edit</a></td>

<td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">delete</a></td>

</tr>

</c:forEach>

<tr>

<td colspan="6" align="center">

<a href="?start=${pre}">[上一页]</a>

<a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

步骤 5 : 第一页

只需要修改listHero.jsp即可

增加

<a href="?start=0">[首页]</a>

因为首页的start永远都是0

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

<table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'>

<tr>

<td>id</td>

<td>name</td>

<td>hp</td>

<td>damage</td>

<td>edit</td>

<td>delete</td>

</tr>

<c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st">

<tr>

<td>${hero.id}</td>

<td>${hero.name}</td>

<td>${hero.hp}</td>

<td>${hero.damage}</td>

<td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">edit</a></td>

<td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">delete</a></td>

</tr>

</c:forEach>

<tr>

<td colspan="6" align="center">

<a href="?start=0">[首页]</a>

<a href="?start=${pre}">[上一页]</a>

<a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

步骤 6 : 最后一页

HeroListServlet:
在HeroListServlet中计算last
last需要根据总数total和每页有多少条数据count来计算得出。

同时，还要看total是否能够整除count
假设总数是50，是能够被5整除的，那么最后一页的开始就是45

if (0 == total % count)

last = total - count;

假设总数是51，不能够被5整除的，那么最后一页的开始就是50

last = total - total % count;

listHero.jsp
在下一页后增加一个超链

<a href="?start=${last}">[末页]</a>

start=${last} 从服务器传递过来的last值

package servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import bean.Hero;

import dao.HeroDAO;

public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");

int start = 0;

int count = 5;

try {

start = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("start"));

} catch (NumberFormatException e) {

// 当浏览器没有传参数start时

}

int next = start + count;

int pre = start - count;

int total = new HeroDAO().getTotal();

int last;

// 假设总数是50，是能够被5整除的，那么最后一页的开始就是45

if (0 == total % count)

last = total - count;

// 假设总数是51，不能够被5整除的，那么最后一页的开始就是50

else

last = total - total % count;

request.setAttribute("next", next);

request.setAttribute("pre", pre);

request.setAttribute("last", last);

List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count);

request.setAttribute("heros", heros);

request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response);

}

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

<table align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'>

<tr>

<td>id</td>

<td>name</td>

<td>hp</td>

<td>damage</td>

<td>edit</td>

<td>delete</td>

</tr>

<c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st">

<tr>

<td>${hero.id}</td>

<td>${hero.name}</td>

<td>${hero.hp}</td>

<td>${hero.damage}</td>

<td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">edit</a></td>

<td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">delete</a></td>

</tr>

</c:forEach>

<tr>

<td colspan="6" align="center">

<a href="?start=0">[首页]</a>

<a href="?start=${pre}">[上一页]</a>

<a href="?start=${next}">[下一页]</a>

<a href="?start=${last}">[末页]</a>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

步骤 7 : 边界处理

上一页，下一页有一个问题，
如果在第一页点击上一页，就会看不到数据了，因为在第一页的时候，pre=-5,也就导致传递到serlvet的start=-5;
同样的在最后一页的时候，点击下一页，也有类似的问题。

解决办法是进行边界处理：

pre = pre < 0 ? 0 : pre;

如果pre是负数了，就使用0

next = next > last ? last : next;

如果next大于last，就使用last

package servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import bean.Hero;

import dao.HeroDAO;

public class HeroListServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");

int start = 0;

int count = 5;

try {

start = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("start"));

} catch (NumberFormatException e) {

// 当浏览器没有传参数start时

}

int next = start + count;

int pre = start - count;

int total = new HeroDAO().getTotal();

int last;

if (0 == total % count)

last = total - count;

else

last = total - total % count;

pre = pre < 0 ? 0 : pre;

next = next > last ? last : next;

request.setAttribute("next", next);

request.setAttribute("pre", pre);

request.setAttribute("last", last);

List<Hero> heros = new HeroDAO().list(start, count);

request.setAttribute("heros", heros);

request.getRequestDispatcher("listHero.jsp").forward(request, response);

}

步骤 8 : 套上Bootstrap

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<script src="https://how2j.cn/study/js/jquery/2.0.0/jquery.min.js"></script>

<link href="https://how2j.cn/study/css/bootstrap/3.3.6/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

<script src="https://how2j.cn/study/js/bootstrap/3.3.6/bootstrap.min.js"></script>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

<script>

$(function(){

$("a").addClass("btn btn-default btn-xs");

});

</script>

<table style="width:500px; margin:44px auto" class="table table-striped table-bordered table-hover table-condensed" align='center' border='1' cellspacing='0'>

<tr>

<td>id</td>

<td>name</td>

<td>hp</td>

<td>damage</td>

<td>edit</td>

<td>delete</td>

</tr>

<c:forEach items="${heros}" var="hero" varStatus="st">

<tr>

<td>${hero.id}</td>

<td>${hero.name}</td>

<td>${hero.hp}</td>

<td>${hero.damage}</td>

<td><a href="editHero?id=${hero.id}">编辑</a></td>

<td><a href="deleteHero?id=${hero.id}">删除</a></td>

</tr>

</c:forEach>

</table>

<nav>

<ul class="pager">

<li><a href="?start=0">首页</a></li>

<li><a href="?start=${pre}">上一页</a></li>

<li><a href="?start=${next}">下一页</a></li>

<li><a href="?start=${last}">末页</a></li>

</ul>

</nav>

更多内容，点击了解： https://how2j.cn/k/mvc/mvc-paging/586.html

Lan_ht

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专栏目录

MVC系列教材 （三）- 结合Servlet和JSP 实现分页功能

MVC系列教材（三）- 结合Servlet和JSP 实现分页功能