25 运算符重载（四）

类型转换运算符

//Integer.h
#ifndef _INTEGER_H_
#define _INTEGER_H_

class Integer
{
public:
    Integer(int n);
    ~Integer();

    Integer& operator++();
    //friend Integer& operator++(Integer& i);

    Integer operator++(int n);
    //friend Integer operator++(Integer& i, int n);

    operator int();

    void Display() const;
private:
    int n_;
};

#endif // _INTEGER_H_

//Integer.cpp
#include "Integer.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

Integer::Integer(int n) : n_(n)
{
}

Integer::~Integer()
{
}

Integer& Integer::operator ++()
{
    //cout<<"Integer& Integer::operator ++()"<<endl;
    ++n_;
    return *this;
}

//Integer& operator++(Integer& i)
//{
//  //cout<<"Integer& operator++(Integer& i)"<<endl;
//  ++i.n_;
//  return i;
//}

Integer Integer::operator++(int n)
{
    //cout<<"Integer& Integer::operator ++()"<<endl;
    //n_++;
    Integer tmp(n_);
    n_++;
    return tmp;
}

//Integer operator++(Integer& i, int n)
//{
//  Integer tmp(i.n_);
//  i.n_++;
//  return tmp;
//}

Integer::operator int()
{
    return n_;
}

void Integer::Display() const
{
    cout<<n_<<endl;
}
//main.cpp
#include "Integer.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int add(int a, int b)
{
    return a + b;
}

int main(void)
{
    Integer n(100);
    n = 200;
    n.Display();

    int sum = add(n, 100);

    cout<<sum<<endl;

    //int x = n;
    //int y = static_cast<int>(n);

    return 0;
}

输出：
200
300

->运算符

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class DBHelper
{
public:
    DBHelper()
    {
        cout<<"DB ..."<<endl;
    }
    ~DBHelper()
    {
        cout<<"~DB ..."<<endl;
    }

    void Open()
    {
        cout<<"Open ..."<<endl;
    }

    void Close()
    {
        cout<<"Close ..."<<endl;
    }

    void Query()
    {
        cout<<"Query ..."<<endl;
    }
};

class DB
{
public:
    DB()
    {
        db_ = new DBHelper;
    }

    ~DB()
    {
        delete db_;
    }

    DBHelper* operator->()
    {
        return db_;
    }
private:
    DBHelper* db_;
};


int main(void)
{
    DB db;
    db->Open();//重载指针后可以利用对象访问函数，可以达到对内存更加灵活的管理
    db->Query();
    db->Close();

    return 0;
}