基类指针数组求图形面积（中北大学-程序设计基础（2））

目录

题目

源码

结果示例

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题目

写一个程序，定义抽象基类Shape，由它派生出3个派生类：Circle(圆形)，Square(正方形)，Rectangle(矩形)。用虚函数分别计算几种图形面积，并求它们的和。要求用基类指针数组，使它的每一个元素指向一个派生类对象。

源码

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

class Shape
{
public:
    virtual double printarea() const = 0;
    virtual ~Shape(){};
};

class Rectangle : public Shape
{
private:
    double length;
    double width;

public:
    Rectangle(double l, double w) : length(l), width(w) {}
    virtual double printarea() const { return length * width; }
};

class Circle : public Shape
{
private:
    double radius;

public:
    Circle(double r) : radius(r) {}
    virtual double printarea() const { return M_PI * radius * radius; }
};

class Square : public Shape
{
private:
    double length;

public:
    Square(double l) : length(l) {}
    virtual double printarea() const { return pow(length, 2); }
};

int main()
{
    Shape *sp[3];
    Circle c(2.0);
    Square s(3.0);
    Rectangle r(5.0, 4.0);
    double sum = 0;
    sp[0] = &c;
    sp[1] = &s;
    sp[2] = &r;
    cout << "圆形的面积为：" << sp[0]->printarea()<<endl;
    cout << "矩形的面积为：" << sp[1]->printarea()<<endl;
    cout << "正方形的面积为：" << sp[2]->printarea()<<endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < 3;++i)
    {
        sum += sp[i]->printarea();
    }
    cout << "面积之和为：" << sum;
    return 0;
}

结果示例