Linux网络编程(TCP)

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-04 14:23:09 发布

Linux服务器开发

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-04 14:23:09 发布

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分类专栏： linux网络编程文章标签：网络编程 Linux网络编程

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Linuxhus/article/details/100593621

版权

本文详细探讨了Linux环境下的TCP网络编程，包括服务端和客户端的示例代码，以及服务端的select和epoll模型。同时，对比了select、poll和epoll在处理大量并发连接时的性能和效率差异，强调了epoll在高并发场景下的优势，如无句柄数量限制和使用回调函数减少系统调用开销。

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TCP

service.c
服务端

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
    int sfp,nfp;
    struct sockaddr_in s_add,c_add;
    int sin_size;
    unsigned short portnum=0x8888;
    char buff[100]={0};

    printf("Hello,welcome to my server !\r\n");
    sfp = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(-1 == sfp)
    {
        printf("socket fail ! \r\n");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("socket ok !\r\n");

    bzero(&s_add,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    s_add.sin_family=AF_INET;
    s_add.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    s_add.sin_port=htons(portnum);

    if(-1 == bind(sfp,(struct sockaddr *)(&s_add), sizeof(struct sockaddr)))
    {
        printf("bind fail !\r\n");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("bind ok !\r\n");

    if(-1 == listen(sfp,5))
    {
        printf("listen fail !\r\n");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("listen ok\r\n");
    while(1)
    {
        sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);

        nfp = accept(sfp, (struct sockaddr *)(&c_add), &sin_size);
        if(-1 == nfp)
        {
            printf("accept fail !\r\n");
            return -1;
        }
        read(nfp,buff,100);
        printf("received:%s\n", buff);

        if(-1 == write(nfp,buff,strlen(buff)+1))
        {
            printf("write fail!\r\n");
            return -1;
        }
        printf("write ok!\r\n");
        close(nfp);
    }
    close(sfp);
    return 0;
}

makefile:

server:server.o
    gcc -o server server.o
server.o:server.c
    gcc -c server.c -o server.o
clean:
    rm -f *.o server

=====================
客户端
client.c

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(void)
{
    int cfd;
    int recbytes;
    int sin_size;
    char buffer[1024]={0};   
    struct sockaddr_in s_add,c_add;
    unsigned short portnum=0x8888; 
    printf("Hello,welcome to client !\r\n");

    cfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(-1 == cfd)
    {
        printf("socket fail ! \r\n");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("socket ok !\r\n");

    bzero(&s_add,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    s_add.sin_family=AF_INET;
    s_add.sin_addr.s_addr= inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
    s_add.sin_port=htons(portnum);
    printf("s_addr = %#x ,port : %#x\r\n",s_add.sin_addr.s_addr,s_add.sin_port);

    if(-1 == connect(cfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&s_add), sizeof(struct sockaddr)))
    {
        printf("connect fail !\r\n");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("connect ok !\r\n");
    write(cfd,"hello tcp socket", strlen("hello tcp socket")+1);

    if(-1 == (recbytes = read(cfd,buffer,1024)))
    {
        printf("read data fail !\r\n");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("read ok\r\nREC:\r\n");
    buffer[recbytes]='\0';
    printf("%s\r\n",buffer);
    getchar();
    close(cfd);
    return 0;
}

makefile:

client:client.o
    gcc -o client client.o
client.o:client.c
    gcc -c client.c -o client.o
clean:
    rm -f *.o client

UDP

a端
a.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int port=6789;
int main(int argc, char** argv) 
{
    int fd; //套接口描述字
    int i=0;
    char buf[80];
    struct sockaddr_in address;//处理网络通信的地址

    bzero(&address,sizeof(address));
    address.sin_family=AF_INET;
    address.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1");//这里不一样
    address.sin_port=htons(port);

    //创建一个 UDP socket

    fd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);//IPV4 SOCK_DGRAM 数据报套接字（UDP协议）

    for(i=0;i<20;i++)
    {
        /*
        * sprintf(s, "%8d%8d", 123, 4567); //产生：" 123 4567" 
        * 将格式化后到 字符串存放到s当中
        */
        sprintf(buf,"hello udp socket %d",i);

        /*int PASCAL FAR sendto( SOCKET s, const char FAR* buf, int len, int flags,const struct sockaddr FAR* to, int tolen);　　
        * s：一个标识套接口的描述字。　
        * buf：包含待发送数据的缓冲区。　　
        * len：buf缓冲区中数据的长度。　
        * flags：调用方式标志位。　　
        * to：（可选）指针，指向目的套接口的地址。　
        * tolen：to所指地址的长度。 
        　　 */
        s