upc7224 Problem J The puzzle

题目描述

Kayaking is playing a puzzle game containing n different blocks. He marks the blocks with integers from 1 to n, which show the blocks’ original positions. Each time he can exchange two blocks and he wants to know how many times he needs at least to restore the puzzle.

 

输入

The input starts with one line contains exactly one positive integer T which is the number of test cases.
Each test case contains two lines.
The first line contains an integer, which indicates the number of puzzle pieces.
The second line contains n different integers, the i-th number means the mark of the block in the i-th position.

 

输出

For each test case, output one line with one number represents the minimum operations.

 

样例输入

2
4
2 3 4 1
4
2 1 4 3

 

样例输出

3
2

提示

1≤T≤20,1≤n≤100000

题意：有从1——n共n个数，排序，每次操作更换两个数的位置，求最少操作次数，使得排序为从1——n。

思路：找到每个数应该在的位置，标记。

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
int main()
{
    int t;
    scanf("%d",&t);
    while(t--)
    {
        int n;
        scanf("%d",&n);
        int a[100010];
        int vis[100010]={0};
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&a[i]);
        }
        int res=0;
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        {
            int tmp=a[i],cnt=0;
            while(!vis[tmp])
            {
                vis[tmp]=1;
                tmp=a[tmp];
                cnt++;
            }
            if(cnt>0)
                res+=(cnt-1);
        }
        printf("%d\n",res);
    }
    return 0;
}