运算符
赋值运算符
= | += | -= | *= | /= | %=
int main()
{
int a = 2;
a += 3;
cout << "a=" << a << endl;//5
int b = 5;
b -= 1;
cout << "b=" << b << endl;//4
int c = 20;
c *= 2;
cout << "c=" << c << endl;//40
int d = 40;
d %= 3;
cout << "d=" << d << endl;//1 取余数
return 0 ;
}
比较运算符
相等== 不等!= 大于> 小于< 小于等于<= 大于等于>=
比较正确输出1,比较错误输出0
int main()
{
int a = 15;
int b = 10;
cout << (a == b) << endl;//0
cout << (a != b) << endl;//1
cout << (a < b) << endl;//0
cout << (a > b) << endl;//1
cout << (a >= b) << endl;//1
cout << (a <= b) << endl;//0
//括号为了设置优先级,即先比较后输出
}
逻辑运算符
非! 与 && 或 ||
int main()
{
//在C++中,除了0都为真
int a = 5;
cout << !a << endl;//0
cout << !!a << endl;//1
int b = 4;
cout << (a && b) << endl;//1
int a1 = 0;
cout << (a1 && b) << endl;//0
int a2 = 0;
cout << (a1 && a2) << endl;//0
cout << (a1 || b) << endl;//1
system("pause");
return 0;
}
程序流程结构
选择结构,顺序结构,循环结构。
选择结构
if语句
执行满足条件的语句
if语句有三种形式:单行格式if语句,多行格式if语句,多条件if语句
if语句后面不能加分号
int main()
{
int score;
//用户输入成绩,判断是否及格,如果几个则输出
cin >> score;
if (score == 0||score>100)
{
cout << "请输入正确分数:" << endl;
}
if (score >=60)
{
cout << "您已及格" << endl;
}
if (score <=60)
{
cout << "您不及格,继续加油!" << endl;
}
}
多行if语句
if(条件){执行语句}
else{执行语句}/else 执行语句
练习要求:
1.提示用户输入一个高考考试分数,根据分数做如下判断
2.分数如果大于600分视为考上一本,大于500分考上二本,大于400考上三本,其余视为未考上本科
3.在一本分数中,如果大于700分,考入北大,大于650分,考入清华
int main()
{
int score;
cout << "请输入高考分数" << endl;
cin >> score;
if (score >=400)
{
if (score >=500)
{
if (score >= 600)
{
if (score >= 650)
{
if (score>=700)
{
cout << "恭喜您考上北大" << endl;
}
else
cout << "恭喜您考上清华" << endl;
}
else
cout << "恭喜您考上一本" << endl;
}
else
cout << "恭喜您考上二本" << endl;
}
else
cout << "恭喜您考上三本" << endl;
}
else
cout << "抱歉!您未考上本科,请继续努力!" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
多条件if语句
if(条件1 ){执行语句}
else if(条件2){执行语句2}
else{都不满足执行语句}
int main()
{
int score;
cout << "请输入你的单科成绩" << endl;
cin >> score;
if (score > 60)
{
cout << "您已及格" << endl;
}
else if (score > 80)
{
cout << "您的成绩为优秀" << endl;
}
else if (score > 90)
{
cout << "您的成绩为优秀" << endl;
}
else cout << "您未及格" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}