Polynomial

#include<stdio.h>
#include<malloc.h>

typedef struct Polynomial
{
	float coef;
	int expn;
	struct Polynomial *next;
}*Polyn,Polynomial;               //Polyn为结点指针类型

void Insert(Polyn p,Polyn h)
{     
	if(p->coef==0) free(p);       //系数为0的话释放结点
	else
	{
		Polyn q1,q2;
		q1=h;q2=h->next;
		while(q2&&p->expn<q2->expn)
		{   //查找插入位置
			q1=q2;
			q2=q2->next;
		 }
		if(q2&&p->expn==q2->expn)
		{     //将指数相同相合并
			q2->coef+=p->coef;
			free(p);
			if(!q2->coef)
			{             //系数为0的话释放结点
				q1->next=q2->next;
				free(q2);
			}
		}
		else
		{                          //指数为新时将结点插入
			p->next=q2;
			q1->next=p;
		}
	}
}//Insert

Polyn CreatePolyn(Polyn head,int m)
{//建立一个头指针为head、项数为m的一元多项式
	int i;
	Polyn p;
	p=head=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));
	head->next=NULL;
	for(i=0;i<m;i++)
	{
		p=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));//建立新结点以接收数据
		printf("请输入第%d项的系数与指数:",i+1);
		scanf("%f %d",&p->coef,&p->expn);
		Insert(p,head);   //调用Insert函数插入结点
	}
 return head;
}//CreatePolyn

void DestroyPolyn(Polyn p)	
{//销毁多项式p
	 Polyn q1,q2;
	 q1=p->next;
	 q2=q1->next;
	 while(q1->next)	
	 {
		free(q1);
		q1=q2;//指针后移
		q2=q2->next;
	 }
}


void PrintPolyn(Polyn P)
{ 
	Polyn q=P->next; 
	int flag=1;//项数计数器
	if(!q)
	{ //若多项式为空，输出0
		putchar('0'); 
		printf("\n");
		return;
	}   
	
	while (q)
	{
		if(q->coef>0&&flag!=1) putchar('+'); //系数大于0且不是第一项
		
		if(q->coef!=1&&q->coef!=-1)
		{//系数非1或-1的普通情况
				printf("%g",q->coef); 
				if(q->expn==1) putchar('X');
				else if(q->expn) printf("X^%d",q->expn);
		}
		else
		{
				 if(q->coef==1)
				 {
						if(!q->expn) putchar('1'); 
						else if(q->expn==1) putchar('X'); 
						else printf("X^%d",q->expn);
				 }
				 if(q->coef==-1)
				 {
						if(!q->expn) printf("-1"); 
						else if(q->expn==1) printf("-X"); 
						else printf("-X^%d",q->expn);
				}
		 }
		q=q->next; 
		flag++;
 }//while
 printf("\n");
}//PrintPolyn

int compare(Polyn a,Polyn b)
{
	if(a&&b)
	{
		if(!b||a->expn>b->expn) return 1;
		else if(!a||a->expn<b->expn) return -1;
		else return 0;
	}
	else if(!a&&b) return -1;//a多项式已空，但b多项式非空
	else return 1;//b多项式已空，但a多项式非空
}//compare

Polyn AddPolyn(Polyn pa,Polyn pb)
{//求解并建立多项式a+b，返回其头指针
 Polyn qa=pa->next;
 Polyn qb=pb->next;
 Polyn headc,hc,qc;
 hc=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));//建立头结点
 hc->next=NULL;
 headc=hc;
 while(qa||qb){
  qc=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));
  switch(compare(qa,qb)){
  case 1:
   {
   qc->coef=qa->coef;
   qc->expn=qa->expn;
   qa=qa->next;
   break;
   }
  case 0:
   { 
   qc->coef=qa->coef+qb->coef;
   qc->expn=qa->expn;
   qa=qa->next;
   qb=qb->next;
   break;
   }
  case -1:
   {
   qc->coef=qb->coef;
   qc->expn=qb->expn;
   qb=qb->next;
   break;
   } 
  }//switch
  if(qc->coef!=0){
   qc->next=hc->next;
   hc->next=qc;
   hc=qc;
  }
  else free(qc);//当相加系数为0时，释放该结点
 }//while
 return headc;
}//AddPolyn


Polyn SubtractPolyn(Polyn pa,Polyn pb)
{//求解并建立多项式a-b，返回其头指针
 Polyn h=pb;
 Polyn p=pb->next;
 Polyn pd;
 while(p){           //将pb的系数取反
  p->coef*=-1;
  p=p->next;
 }
 pd=AddPolyn(pa,h);
 for(p=h->next;p;p=p->next)    //恢复pb的系数
  p->coef*=-1;
 return pd;
}//SubtractPolyn
float ValuePolyn(Polyn head,float x){//输入x值，计算并返回多项式的值
 Polyn p;
 int i;
 float sum=0,t;
 for(p=head->next;p;p=p->next){
  t=1;
  for(i=p->expn;i!=0;){
   if(i<0){t/=x;i++;}//指数小于0，进行除法
   else{t*=x;i--;}//指数大于0，进行乘法
  }
  sum+=p->coef*t;
 }
 return sum;
}//ValuePolyn


Polyn Derivative(Polyn head)
{//求解并建立a的导函数多项式，并返回其头指针
 Polyn q=head->next,p1,p2,hd;
 hd=p1=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));//建立头结点
 hd->next=NULL;
 while(q){
  if(q->expn!=0){               //该项不是常数项时
   p2=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));
   p2->coef=q->coef*q->expn;
   p2->expn=q->expn-1;
   p2->next=p1->next;//连接结点
   p1->next=p2;
   p1=p2;
  }
  q=q->next;
 }
 return hd;
}//Dervative


Polyn MultiplyPolyn(Polyn pa,Polyn pb)
{//求解并建立多项式a*b，返回其头指针
 Polyn hf,pf;
 Polyn qa=pa->next;
 Polyn qb=pb->next;
 hf=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));//建立头结点
 hf->next=NULL;
 for(;qa;qa=qa->next){
  for(qb=pb->next;qb;qb=qb->next){
            pf=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));
   pf->coef=qa->coef*qb->coef;
   pf->expn=qa->expn+qb->expn;
   Insert(pf,hf);//调用Insert函数以合并指数相同的项
  }
 }
 return hf;
}//MultiplyPolyn


void DevicePolyn(Polyn pa,Polyn pb)
{//求解并建立多项式a*b，返回其头指针
 Polyn hf,pf,temp1,temp2;
 Polyn qa=pa->next;
 Polyn qb=pb->next;
 hf=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));//建立头结点,存储商
 hf->next=NULL;
 pf=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));//建立头结点，存储余数
 pf->next=NULL;
 temp1=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));
 temp1->next=NULL;
 temp2=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));
 temp2->next=NULL;
 temp1=AddPolyn(temp1,pa);
 while(qa!=NULL&&qa->expn>=qb->expn){
  temp2->next=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));
  temp2->next->coef=(qa->coef)/(qb->coef);
  temp2->next->expn=(qa->expn)-(qb->expn);
  Insert(temp2->next,hf);
  pa=SubtractPolyn(pa,MultiplyPolyn(pb,temp2));
  qa=pa->next;
  temp2->next=NULL;
 }
 pf=SubtractPolyn(temp1,MultiplyPolyn(hf,pb));
 pb=temp1;
 printf("商是：");
 PrintPolyn(hf);
 printf("余数是：");
 PrintPolyn(pf);
}//DevicePolyn


int main()
{
 int m,n,flag=0;
 float x;
 Polyn pa=0,pb=0,pc,pd,pe,pf;//定义各式的头指针，pa与pb在使用前付初值NULL
 printf("请输入a的项数:");
 scanf("%d",&m);
 pa=CreatePolyn(pa,m);//建立多项式a
 printf("请输入b的项数:");
 scanf("%d",&n);
 pb=CreatePolyn(pb,n);//建立多项式a
 //输出菜单
 printf("**********************************************\n");
 printf("操作提示：\n\t1.输出多项式a和b\n\t2.建立多项式a+b\n\t3.建立多项式a-b\n");
 printf("\t4.计算多项式a在x处的值\n\t5.求多项式a的导函数\n\t6.建立多项式a*b\n");
 printf("\t7.建立多项式a/b\n\t8.退出\n**********************************************\n");
 for(;;flag=0){
  printf("执行操作");
  scanf("%d",&flag);
  if(flag==1){
   printf("多项式a：");PrintPolyn(pa);
   printf("多项式b：");PrintPolyn(pb);continue;
  }
  if(flag==2){
   pc=AddPolyn(pa,pb);
   printf("多项式a+b：");PrintPolyn(pc);
   DestroyPolyn(pc);continue;
  }
  if(flag==3){
   pd=SubtractPolyn(pa,pb);
   printf("多项式a-b：");PrintPolyn(pd);
   DestroyPolyn(pd);continue;
  }
  if(flag==4){
   printf("输入x的值：x=");
   scanf("%f",&x);
   printf("多项式a的值%g\n",ValuePolyn(pa,x));continue;
  }
  if(flag==5){
   pe=Derivative(pa);
   printf("多项式a的导函数：");PrintPolyn(pe);
   DestroyPolyn(pe);continue;
  }
  if(flag==6){
   pf=MultiplyPolyn(pa,pb);
   printf("多项式a*b：");PrintPolyn(pf);
   DestroyPolyn(pf);continue;
  }
  if(flag==7){
   DevicePolyn(pa,pb);
   continue;
  }
  if(flag==8) break;
  if(flag<1||flag>8) printf("Error!!!\n");continue;
 }//for

 DestroyPolyn(pa);
 DestroyPolyn(pb);
 return 0;
}