Python 饼图、圆环图

下面是我们作图需要使用到的数据(数据是个人虚构的、不代表各品牌真实销售数据) 

品牌	子品牌	销量	总销量/台
比亚迪	唐	10000	29000
比亚迪	宋	9000	29000
比亚迪	元	6000	29000
比亚迪	海豚	4000	29000
特斯拉	Model3	8000	17500
特斯拉	ModelS	6000	17500
特斯拉	ModelY	3500	17500
大众	朗逸	3000	12000
大众	速腾	3000	12000
大众	高尔夫	6000	12000
丰田	卡罗拉	6000	12000
丰田	雷凌	4000	12000
丰田	凯美瑞	2000	12000
奇瑞	艾瑞泽5	1000	2000
奇瑞	艾瑞泽8	1000	2000
领克	领克01	1000	1000

1.各品牌的销售数量饼图

import  pandas as pd
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

#解决中文乱码
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']

data=pd.read_excel(r'汽车销量数据数据.xlsx',sheet_name='Sheet1')

#根据各品牌去重

data_total_sale=data.loc[:,["品牌","总销量"]].drop_duplicates()
print(data_total_sale)
out:

    品牌    总销量
0   比亚迪  29000
4   特斯拉  17500
7    大众  12000
10   丰田  12000
13   奇瑞   2000
15   领克   1000

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 7))
ax.pie(data_total_sale['总销量'],labels=data_total_sale['品牌'],autopct='%1.1f%%')
plt.show()

 2.各品牌销售数据圆环图

import  pandas as pd
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

#解决中文乱码
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']

data=pd.read_excel(r'汽车销量数据数据.xlsx',sheet_name='Sheet1')

#根据各品牌去重

data_total_sale=data.loc[:,["品牌","总销量"]].drop_duplicates()

total_sale=data_total_sale['总销量'].sum()

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 7))

ax.pie(data_total_sale['总销量'], radius=1.5, wedgeprops={'width': 0.7}, labels = data_total_sale['品牌'], autopct='%3.2f%%',  pctdistance=0.75)  #保留2位小数
plt.text(0, 0, total_sale, ha='center', va='center', fontsize=28)
plt.show()

                    

3.将数据少的合并为其它

import  pandas as pd
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

#解决中文乱码
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']

data=pd.read_excel(r'汽车销量数据数据.xlsx',sheet_name='Sheet1')

#根据各品牌去重

data_total_sale=data.loc[:,["品牌","总销量"]].drop_duplicates()

others=["奇瑞","领克"]
data_new=data_total_sale.loc[~data['品牌'].isin(others)]
other_sum=data_total_sale['总销量'].loc[data['品牌'].isin(others)].sum()
data_new=data_new.append({"品牌":'其它',"总销量":other_sum},ignore_index=True)
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 7))
ax.pie(data_new['总销量'],labels=data_new['品牌'],autopct='%1.1f%%')
plt.show()

 4.其它类中展开

import  pandas as pd
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import ConnectionPatch
from matplotlib import cm

#解决中文乱码
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']

data=pd.read_excel(r'汽车销量数据数据.xlsx',sheet_name='Sheet1')

#根据各品牌去重

data_total_sale=data.loc[:,["品牌","总销量"]].drop_duplicates()

others=["奇瑞","领克"]
data_new=data_total_sale.loc[~data['品牌'].isin(others)]
other_sum=data_total_sale['总销量'].loc[data['品牌'].isin(others)].sum()
data_new=data_new.append({"品牌":'其它',"总销量":other_sum},ignore_index=True)
data_other=data_total_sale.loc[data['品牌'].isin(others)]
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10,4))
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1,2,1)
ax1.pie(data_new['总销量'],labels=data_new['品牌'],autopct='%1.1f%%')
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(1,2,2)
ax2.pie(data_other['总销量'],labels=data_other['品牌'],autopct='%1.1f%%',radius=0.5,wedgeprops=dict(width=0.3, edgecolor='w'))

theta1, theta2 = ax1.patches[-1].theta1+15, ax1.patches[-1].theta2-15
center, r = ax1.patches[-1].center,ax1.patches[-1].r
x = r*np.cos(np.pi/180*theta1)+center[0]
y = np.sin(np.pi/180*theta1)+center[1]
con1 = ConnectionPatch(xyA=(0, 0.5),xyB=(x,y),
                     coordsA=ax2.transData, coordsB=ax1.transData,axesA=ax2,axesB=ax1)

x = r * np.cos(np.pi / 180 * theta2) + center[0]
y = np.sin(np.pi / 180 * theta2) + center[1]
con2 = ConnectionPatch(xyA=(-0.1, -0.49),
                       xyB=(x, y),
                       coordsA=ax2.transData,
                       coordsB=ax1.transData,
                       axesA=ax2, axesB=ax1)
for con in [con1, con2]:
    con.set_color('gray')
    ax2.add_artist(con)
    con.set_linewidth(1)
fig.subplots_adjust(wspace=0)
plt.show()