1 1 1-dimensional stage: ( − 1 , 1 ) (-1,1) (−1,1).
If you get a complex stage, you will get Poincaré disc.
I guess its stage is { ∣ z ∣ ⩽ 1 ∣ z ∈ C } \{|z|\leqslant1|z\in\mathbb C\} {∣z∣⩽1∣z∈C}.
If you define routine of shortest distance straight line, then you will find that straight line is not visually “straight” in hyperbolic geometry.
Structure
Distance
Definition:
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d(x_1,x_2)=|\int_{x_1}^{x_2}\frac{\text dx}{1-x^2}|.
d(x1,x2)=∣∫x1x21−x2dx∣.
This is called hyperbolic distance or Poincaré distance.
We can prove it satisfies those 3 axioms of distance.
Properties:
1, Define: ω i = x i − x 0 1 − x i x 0 \omega_i=\dfrac{x_i-x_0}{1-x_ix_0} ωi=1−xix0xi−x0.
This mapping keeps order: ( x 1 − x 2 ) ( ω 1 − ω 2 ) > 0 , x 1 ≠ x 2 (x_1-x_2)(\omega_1-\omega_2)>0,x_1\neq x_2 (x1−x2)(ω1−ω2)>0,x1=x2.
It keeps distance: d ( x 1 , x 2 ) = d ( ω 1 , ω 2 ) d(x_1,x_2)=d(\omega_1,\omega_2) d(x1,x2)=d(ω1,ω2).
2, lim x → ± 1 d ( x , x 0 ) = + ∞ \lim\limits_{x\rightarrow\pm 1}d(x,x_0)=+\infty x→±1limd(x,x0)=+∞.