BOOST中的union：boost::variant

可完美替换掉C的union，而且不仅是POD类型。

取回也更加方便

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <string>
#include <assert.h>
#include <vector>
#include <boost/variant.hpp>
#include <boost/foreach.hpp>
using namespace std;

typedef boost::variant<int, std::string, double,char> valuetype;

/************************************************************************/
/* use boost::static_visitor                                            */
/************************************************************************/
class print_visitor : public boost::static_visitor<void>
{
public:
    void operator()(int& i)
    {
        std::cout << i << endl;
    };
    void operator()(string& str)
    {
        std::cout << str << endl;
    };
    void operator()(double& db)
    {
        std::cout << db << endl;
    };
    void operator()(char& cv)
    {
        std::cout << cv << endl;
    }
};

void print_use_visitor (vector<valuetype>& coll)
{
    print_visitor printer;

    BOOST_FOREACH (valuetype& val, coll)
    {
        boost::apply_visitor (printer, val);
    }
}
/************************************************************************/
/* use boost::get<>                                                     */
/************************************************************************/
void print(vector<valuetype>& coll)
{
    BOOST_FOREACH(valuetype& val,coll)
    {
        if(int* intp = boost::get<int>(&val))
        {
            cout << *intp << endl;
        }
        if (string* sp = boost::get<string> (&val))
        {
            cout << *sp << endl;
            *sp = "abcdefg";
        }
        if (double* dp = boost::get<double> (&val))
        {
            cout << *dp << endl; 
        }
    }
}

/************************************************************************/
/* main                                                                 */
/************************************************************************/
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    valuetype var;
    var = "abc";
    assert (boost::get<string> (&var) != 0);
    vector<valuetype> coll;
    coll.push_back (var);
    coll.push_back (456);
    coll.push_back (1.234);
    coll.push_back ('a');

    assert (coll.back().type() == typeid(char));

    print (coll);
    cout << "-------------------" << endl;
    print_use_visitor (coll);
	return 0;
}