CPU_多线程操作图片

并行(多线程)操作图片

代码

ImageStuff.h

struct ImgProp
{
	int Hpixels;
	int Vpixels;
	unsigned char HeaderInfo[54];
	unsigned long int Hbytes;
};

struct Pixel
{
	unsigned char R;
	unsigned char G;
	unsigned char B;
};

unsigned char** ReadBMP(char* );
void WriteBMP(unsigned char** , char*);

extern struct ImgProp 	ip;

ImageStuff.c

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>

#include "ImageStuff.h"


unsigned char** ReadBMP(char* filename)
{
	int i;
	FILE* f = fopen(filename, "rb");
	if(f == NULL)
	{
		printf("\n\n%s NOT FOUND\n\n",filename);
		exit(1);
	}

	unsigned char HeaderInfo[54];
	fread(HeaderInfo, sizeof(unsigned char), 54, f); // read the 54-byte header

	// extract image height and width from header
	int width = *(int*)&HeaderInfo[18];
	int height = *(int*)&HeaderInfo[22];

	//copy header for re-use
	for(i=0; i<54; i++) {
		ip.HeaderInfo[i] = HeaderInfo[i];
	}

	ip.Vpixels = height;
	ip.Hpixels = width;
	int RowBytes = (width*3 + 3) & (~3);
	ip.Hbytes = RowBytes;

	printf("\n   Input BMP File name: %20s  (%u x %u)",filename,ip.Hpixels,ip.Vpixels);

	unsigned char tmp;
	unsigned char **TheImage = (unsigned char **)malloc(height * sizeof(unsigned char*));
	for(i=0; i<height; i++) {
		TheImage[i] = (unsigned char *)malloc(RowBytes * sizeof(unsigned char));
	}

	for(i = 0; i < height; i++) {
		fread(TheImage[i], sizeof(unsigned char), RowBytes, f);
	}


	fclose(f);
	return TheImage;  // remember to free() it in caller!
}

void WriteBMP(unsigned char** img, char* filename)
{
	FILE* f = fopen(filename, "wb");
	if(f == NULL)
	{
		printf("\n\nFILE CREATION ERROR: %s\n\n",filename);
		exit(1);
	}

	unsigned long int x,y;
	char temp;

	//write header
	for(x=0; x<54; x++) {
		fputc(ip.HeaderInfo[x],f);
	}

	//write data
	for(x=0; x<ip.Vpixels; x++) {
		for(y=0; y<ip.Hbytes; y++)
		{
			temp=img[x][y];
			fputc(temp,f);
		}
	}
	printf("\n  Output BMP File name: %20s  (%u x %u)",filename,ip.Hpixels,ip.Vpixels);

	fclose(f);
}

imflipP.c

#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

#include "ImageStuff.h"

#define REPS 	     129
#define MAXTHREADS   128

long  			NumThreads;         		// Total number of threads working in parallel
int 	     	ThParam[MAXTHREADS];		// Thread parameters ...
pthread_t      	ThHandle[MAXTHREADS];		// Thread handles
pthread_attr_t 	ThAttr;						// Pthread attrributes
void (*FlipFunc)(unsigned char** img);		// Function pointer to flip the image
void* (*MTFlipFunc)(void *arg);				// Function pointer to flip the image, multi-threaded version

unsigned char**	TheImage;					// This is the main image
struct ImgProp 	ip;


void FlipImageV(unsigned char** img)
{
	struct Pixel pix; //temp swap pixel
	int row, col;

	//vertical flip
	for(col=0; col<ip.Hbytes; col+=3)
	{
		row = 0;
		while(row<ip.Vpixels/2)
		{
			pix.B = img[row][col];
			pix.G = img[row][col+1];
			pix.R = img[row][col+2];

			img[row][col]   = img[ip.Vpixels-(row+1)][col];
			img[row][col+1] = img[ip.Vpixels-(row+1)][col+1];
			img[row][col+2] = img[ip.Vpixels-(row+1)][col+2];

			img[ip.Vpixels-(row+1)][col]   = pix.B;
			img[ip.Vpixels-(row+1)][col+1] = pix.G;
			img[ip.Vpixels-(row+1)][col+2] = pix.R;

			row++;
		}
	}
}


void FlipImageH(unsigned char** img)
{
	struct Pixel pix; //temp swap pixel
	int row, col;

	//horizontal flip
	for(row=0; row<ip.Vpixels; row++)
	{
		col = 0;
		while(col<(ip.Hpixels*3)/2)
		{
			pix.B = img[row][col];
			pix.G = img[row][col+1];
			pix.R = img[row][col+2];

			img[row][col]   = img[row][ip.Hpixels*3-(col+3)];
			img[row][col+1] = img[row][ip.Hpixels*3-(col+2)];
			img[row][col+2] = img[row][ip.Hpixels*3-(col+1)];

			img[row][ip.Hpixels*3-(col+3)] = pix.B;
			img[row][ip.Hpixels*3-(col+2)] = pix.G;
			img[row][ip.Hpixels*3-(col+1)] = pix.R;

			col+=3;
		}
	}
}


void *MTFlipV(void* tid)
{
	struct Pixel pix; //temp swap pixel
	int row, col;

	long ts = *((int *) tid);       	// My thread ID is stored here
	ts *= ip.Hbytes/NumThreads;			// start index
	long te = ts+ip.Hbytes/NumThreads-1; 	// end index

	for(col=ts; col<=te; col+=3)
	{
		row=0;
		while(row<ip.Vpixels/2)
		{
			pix.B = TheImage[row][col];
			pix.G = TheImage[row][col+1];
			pix.R = TheImage[row][col+2];

			TheImage[row][col]   = TheImage[ip.Vpixels-(row+1)][col];
			TheImage[row][col+1] = TheImage[ip.Vpixels-(row+1)][col+1];
			TheImage[row][col+2] = TheImage[ip.Vpixels-(row+1)][col+2];

			TheImage[ip.Vpixels-(row+1)][col]   = pix.B;
			TheImage[ip.Vpixels-(row+1)][col+1] = pix.G;
			TheImage[ip.Vpixels-(row+1)][col+2] = pix.R;

			row++;
		}
	}
	pthread_exit(0);
}


void *MTFlipH(void* tid)
{
	struct Pixel pix; //temp swap pixel
	int row, col;

	long ts = *((int *) tid);       	// My thread ID is stored here
	ts *= ip.Vpixels/NumThreads;			// start index
	long te = ts+ip.Vpixels/NumThreads-1; 	// end index

	for(row=ts; row<=te; row++)
	{
		col=0;
		while(col<ip.Hpixels*3/2)
		{
			pix.B = TheImage[row][col];
			pix.G = TheImage[row][col+1];
			pix.R = TheImage[row][col+2];

			TheImage[row][col]   = TheImage[row][ip.Hpixels*3-(col+3)];
			TheImage[row][col+1] = TheImage[row][ip.Hpixels*3-(col+2)];
			TheImage[row][col+2] = TheImage[row][ip.Hpixels*3-(col+1)];

			TheImage[row][ip.Hpixels*3-(col+3)] = pix.B;
			TheImage[row][ip.Hpixels*3-(col+2)] = pix.G;
			TheImage[row][ip.Hpixels*3-(col+1)] = pix.R;

			col+=3;
		}
	}
	pthread_exit(NULL);
}


int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	char 				Flip;
	int 				a,i,ThErr;
	struct timeval 		t;
	double         		StartTime, EndTime;
	double         		TimeElapsed;

	switch (argc){
		case 3 : NumThreads=1; 				Flip = 'V';						break;
		case 4 : NumThreads=1;  			Flip = toupper(argv[3][0]);		break;
		case 5 : NumThreads=atoi(argv[4]);  Flip = toupper(argv[3][0]);		break;
		default: printf("\n\nUsage: imflipP input output [v/h] [thread count]");
		printf("\n\nExample: imflipP infilename.bmp outname.bmp h 8\n\n");
		return 0;
	}
	if((Flip != 'V') && (Flip != 'H')) {
		printf("Flip option '%c' is invalid. Can only be 'V' or 'H' ... Exiting abruptly ...\n",Flip);
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}

	if((NumThreads<1) || (NumThreads>MAXTHREADS)){
		printf("\nNumber of threads must be between 1 and %u... Exiting abruptly\n",MAXTHREADS);
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	else{
		if(NumThreads != 1){
			printf("\nExecuting the multi-threaded version with %li threads ...\n",NumThreads);
			MTFlipFunc = (Flip=='V') ? MTFlipV:MTFlipH;
		}
		else{
			printf("\nExecuting the serial version ...\n");
			FlipFunc = (Flip=='V') ? FlipImageV:FlipImageH;
		}
	}

	TheImage = ReadBMP(argv[1]);

	gettimeofday(&t, NULL);   // 要包含<sys/time.h>头文件
	            			  // 将只提供从操作系统获得的最佳结果(操作系统从硬件的时钟单元获得该值)
	            			  // 给一个结构的两个成员变量提供时间:一个是给.tv_sec成员变量设置以秒为单位的时间
	            			  // 另一个是给.tv_usec成员变量设置以微秒为单位的事件 
	StartTime = (double)t.tv_sec*1000000.0 + ((double)t.tv_usec);

	if(NumThreads >1){
		pthread_attr_init(&ThAttr);  
		pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&ThAttr, PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE); //告诉操作系统准备启动一系列线程,并且稍后将合并它们...
		for(a=0; a<REPS; a++){
			for(i=0; i<NumThreads; i++){
				ThParam[i] = i;
				ThErr = pthread_create(&ThHandle[i], &ThAttr, MTFlipFunc, (void *)&ThParam[i]); // 线程一旦创建就开始执行
					// 第一个参数 是每个线程的句柄,它对操作系统非常重要,使操作系统能够跟踪线程
					// 第二参数 &TheAttr 对于所有线程都相同,内容是线程属性
					// 第三个参数 告诉线程要执行的任务
					// 第四个参数 线程参数,定位每个线程
				if(ThErr != 0){
					printf("\nThread Creation Error %d. Exiting abruptly... \n",ThErr);
					exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
				}
			}
			pthread_attr_destroy(&ThAttr);
			for(i=0; i<NumThreads; i++){
				pthread_join(ThHandle[i], NULL);  // 线程终止(合并)
			}
		}
	}else{
		for(a=0; a<REPS; a++){
			(*FlipFunc)(TheImage);
		}
	}

	gettimeofday(&t, NULL);
	EndTime = (double)t.tv_sec*1000000.0 + ((double)t.tv_usec);
	TimeElapsed=(EndTime-StartTime)/1000.00;
	TimeElapsed/=(double)REPS;

	//merge with header and write to file
	WriteBMP(TheImage, argv[2]);

	// free() the allocated memory for the image
	for(i = 0; i < ip.Vpixels; i++) { free(TheImage[i]); }
	free(TheImage);

	printf("\n\nTotal execution time: %9.4f ms (%s flip)",TimeElapsed, Flip=='V'?"Vertical":"Horizontal");
	printf(" (%6.3f ns/pixel)\n", 1000000*TimeElapsed/(double)(ip.Hpixels*ip.Vpixels));

	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

编译

gcc imflipP.c ImageStuff.c -o imflipP -lpthread

运行效果

垂直翻转

./imflipP nature_monte.bmp nature_monte_V2.bmp V 2    ## 以2个线程运行

原图

垂直翻转后

水平翻转

./imflipP nature_monte.bmp nature_monte_H2.bmp H 2  ## 以2个线程运行

原图

水平翻转后