用Python实现笔趣阁小说爬取

今天来实现以下笔趣阁小说爬虫
笔趣阁的小说爬取难度还是比较低的（不涉及搜索功能）
咱们用requests和xpath来完成这个小爬虫

首先肯定是导包

import requests
import time
from lxml import etree

然后来写两个辅助函数
分别用于请求网页和xpath解析
函数会让我们后面的程序更加简洁方便

def get_tag(response, tag):
    html = etree.HTML(response)
    ret = html.xpath(tag)
    return ret


def parse_url(url):
    response = requests.get(url)
    response.encoding = 'gbk'
    return response.text

我们是从目录页开始爬取的
所以首先我们要获取目录页面里面所有的章节网址

def find_url(response):
    chapter = get_tag(response, '//*[@id="list"]/dl/dd/a/@href')
    # print(chapter)
    for i in chapter:
        url_list.append(start_url + i)
        # url_list.append('https://www.52bqg.com/book_187/' + i)
    # print(url_list)

然后根据章节的网址
去获取章节内的信息

def find_content(url):
    response = parse_url(url)
    chapter = get_tag(response, '//*[@id="box_con"]/div[2]/h1/text()')[0]
    content = get_tag(response, '//*[@id="content"]/text()')
    print('正在爬取', chapter)
    with open('{}.txt'.format(title), 'at', encoding='utf-8') as j:
        j.write(chapter)
        for i in content:
            if i == '\r\n':
                continue
            j.write(i)
    j.close()
    print(chapter, '保存完毕')
    time.sleep(2)

最后就是一个主体函数

def main():
    global title, start_url
    # start_url = 'https://www.52bqg.com/book_187/'
    start_url = input('输入爬取小说的目录页:例如（https://www.52bqg.com/book_187/）')
    response = parse_url(start_url)
    # print(response)
    title = get_tag(response, '//*[@id="info"]/h1/text()')[0]
    # print(title)
    find_url(response)
    # print(1)
    for url in url_list:
        find_content(url)

完整代码如下：

import requests
import time
from lxml import etree


url_list = []


def get_tag(response, tag):
    html = etree.HTML(response)
    ret = html.xpath(tag)
    return ret


def parse_url(url):
    response = requests.get(url)
    response.encoding = 'gbk'
    return response.text


def find_url(response):
    chapter = get_tag(response, '//*[@id="list"]/dl/dd/a/@href')
    # print(chapter)
    for i in chapter:
        url_list.append(start_url + i)
        # url_list.append('https://www.52bqg.com/book_187/' + i)
    # print(url_list)


def find_content(url):
    response = parse_url(url)
    chapter = get_tag(response, '//*[@id="box_con"]/div[2]/h1/text()')[0]
    content = get_tag(response, '//*[@id="content"]/text()')
    print('正在爬取', chapter)
    with open('{}.txt'.format(title), 'at', encoding='utf-8') as j:
        j.write(chapter)
        for i in content:
            if i == '\r\n':
                continue
            j.write(i)
    j.close()
    print(chapter, '保存完毕')
    time.sleep(2)


def main():
    global title, start_url
    # start_url = 'https://www.52bqg.com/book_187/'
    start_url = input('输入爬取小说的目录页:例如（https://www.52bqg.com/book_187/）')
    response = parse_url(start_url)
    # print(response)
    title = get_tag(response, '//*[@id="info"]/h1/text()')[0]
    # print(title)
    find_url(response)
    # print(1)
    for url in url_list:
        find_content(url)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

效果图：

笔趣阁小数的爬虫还是比较好写的
下篇文章我们为这个爬虫加上GUI界面
用Python实现笔趣阁小说爬取 GUI版

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