Python 安装MySQLdb模块(pip方式，亲测有效)

pip是python的包管理工具，在Python2.7的安装包中，easy_install.py是默认安装的，而pip需要我们手动安装。
执行命令：sudo easy_install pip

安装完pip工具之后，我们就可以开始安装我们的MySQLdb了。
执行命令：pip install mysql

安装完毕之后就可以在python文件中import MySQLdb模块了。

例子如下

#!/use/bin/python
#coding=utf-8

import MySQLdb

# 打开数据库连接  url,username,password,database
db = MySQLdb.connect("localhost","root","root","cacti" )

# 使用cursor()方法获取操作游标
cursor = db.cursor()

# 使用execute方法执行SQL语句
cursor.execute("SELECT VERSION()")

# 使用 fetchone() 方法获取一条数据
data = cursor.fetchone()

print "Database version : %s " % data

# 关闭数据库连接
db.close()

注意事项：
问题1.Mac上面可能会碰到权限问题，可以执行

sudo chmod 777 /usr/local/filename

/usr/local/filename 是指你要给予权限的文件

问题2.错误信息

ImportError: 
    dlopen(/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.4b4-py2.7-macosx-10.9-intel.egg/_mysql.so, 2): Library not loaded: libmysqlclient.18.dylib
    Referenced from: /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.4b4-py2.7-macosx-10.9-intel.egg/_mysql.so
    Reason: unsafe use of relative rpath libmysqlclient.18.dylib in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.4b4-py2.7-macosx-10.9-intel.egg/_mysql.so with restricted binary

原因：

The computer security settings prevent the shared library _mysql.so from using a relative reference to the library libmysqlclient.18.dylib. In the future, the shared library _mysql.so may be updated. Until then, you can force it to use an absolute reference via the install_name_toolutility. Assuming that libmysqlclient.18.dylib is in /usr/local/mysql/lib/, then run the command:

解决方法：

sudo install_name_tool -change libmysqlclient.18.dylib  /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib  /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so