仿射变换又称仿射映射,是指在几何中一个向量进行一次线性变换并接上一个平移,变换为两一个向量空间。一个任意的仿射变换都能表示为乘以一个矩阵,接着再加上一个向量的形式。仿射变换可以表示以下三种变换形式:
1. 旋转
2. 平移
3. 缩放
示例:
// opencv_1.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
#include "stdafx.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include<opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
#define WINDOWS_NAME_1 "【原图片窗口】"
#define WINDOWS_NAME_2 "【Warp变换窗口】"
#define WINDOWS_NAME_3 "【Warp和Rotate变换窗口】"
int main()
{
system("color 1A");
//定义两组点,代表两个三角形
Point2f srcTriangle[3];
Point2f dstTriangle[3];
//定义Mat变量
Mat rotMat(2, 3, CV_32FC1);
Mat warpMat(2, 3, CV_32FC1);
Mat srcImage, dstImage_warp, dstImage_warp_rotate;
srcImage = imread("E:\\pictures\\For_Project\\New_opencv\\Lena.jpg",1);
if (!srcImage.data) {
cout << "读取图片错误,请确定该目录下是否存在该对应图片。" << endl;
return false;
}
//设置目标原图像和目标图像上的三组点以计算仿射变换
dstImage_warp = Mat::zeros(srcImage.rows, srcImage.cols, srcImage.type());
//
srcTriangle[0] = Point2f(0, 0);
srcTriangle[1] = Point2f(static_cast<float>(srcImage.cols - 1), 0);
srcTriangle[2] = Point2f(0, static_cast<float>(srcImage.rows - 1));
dstTriangle[0] = Point2f(static_cast<float>(srcImage.cols*0.0), static_cast<float>(srcImage.rows*0.33));
dstTriangle[1] = Point2f(static_cast<float>(srcImage.cols*0.65), static_cast<float>(srcImage.rows*0.35));
dstTriangle[2] = Point2f(static_cast<float>(srcImage.cols*0.15), static_cast<float>(srcImage.rows*0.6));
//求取仿射变换
warpMat = getAffineTransform(srcTriangle, dstTriangle);
//对原图像应用刚刚求得的仿射变换
warpAffine(srcImage, dstImage_warp, warpMat, dstImage_warp.size());
//计算绕图像中点顺时针旋转50度缩放因子为0.6的旋转矩阵
Point center = Point(dstImage_warp.cols / 2, dstImage_warp.rows / 2);
double angle = -60.0;
double scale = 0.8;
//通过上面的旋转细节信息求得旋转矩阵
rotMat = getRotationMatrix2D(center, angle, scale);
warpAffine(dstImage_warp, dstImage_warp_rotate, rotMat, dstImage_warp.size());
imshow(WINDOWS_NAME_1, srcImage);
imshow(WINDOWS_NAME_2, dstImage_warp);
imshow(WINDOWS_NAME_3, dstImage_warp_rotate);
while((char)waitKey(0)!='q'){}
return 0;
}
效果: