Android---绘图机制---SurfaceView

SurfaceView和View绘图的区别

• View适用于主动更新的情况下,而SurfaceView适用于被动的更新,比如频繁的刷新.
• View在主线程中对画面进行刷新,SurfaceView通过一个子线程对页面进行抓心
• View在绘图时没有使用双缓冲机制,SurfaceView在底层机制中实现了双缓冲机制.

总结:如果自定义View需要频繁的刷新,或者刷新的数据量比较大的时候就要使用SurfaceView了

SurfaceView模板

public class SurfaceViewTemplate extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback ,Runnable {

    //SurfaceHolder
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    //用于绘图的Canvas
    private Canvas mCanvas;
    //子线程标志位
    private boolean mIsDrawing;

    /**
     * 三个构造方法
     */
    public SurfaceViewTemplate(Context context) {
        super(context);
        init();
    }
    public SurfaceViewTemplate(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        init();
    }
    public SurfaceViewTemplate(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        init();
    }
    //初始化
    private void init() {
        mHolder=getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
        setFocusable(true);
        setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        this.setKeepScreenOn(true);
        //mHolder.setFormat(PixelFormat.OPAQUE);
    }

    //SurfaceView的创建
    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing=true;
        new Thread(this).start();
    }
    //SurfaceView的改变
    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {

    }
    //SurfaceView的销毁
    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing=false;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (mIsDrawing){
            draw();
        }

    }

    private void draw() {
        try {
            //可以获得当前Canvas绘制的对象
            mCanvas=mHolder.lockCanvas();
            //绘制的东西在这里写入
        }catch (Exception e){
        }finally {
            if (mCanvas!=null){
                //提交
                mHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(mCanvas);
            }
        }
    }
}

屏幕绘制一个正弦函数

public class Sin extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback ,Runnable {

    //SurfaceHolder
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    //用于绘图的Canvas
    private Canvas mCanvas;
    //子线程标志位
    private boolean mIsDrawing;
    private int x,y=0;
    private Paint mPaint;
    private Path mPath;
    /**
     * 三个构造方法
     */
    public Sin(Context context) {
        super(context);
        init();
    }
    public Sin(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        init();
    }
    public Sin(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        init();
    }
    //初始化
    private void init() {
        mHolder=getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
        setFocusable(true);
        setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        this.setKeepScreenOn(true);

        mPath = new Path();
        mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        mPaint.setStrokeWidth(10);
        mPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
        mPaint.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND);
    }

    //SurfaceView的创建
    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {

        mIsDrawing=true;
        mPath.moveTo(0, 400);
        new Thread(this).start();
    }
    //SurfaceView的改变
    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {

    }
    //SurfaceView的销毁
    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing=false;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (mIsDrawing){
            draw();
            x+=1;
            y= (int) (100*Math.sin(x*2*Math.PI/180)+400);
            mPath.lineTo(x, y);
        }

    }

    private void draw() {
        try {
            //可以获得当前Canvas绘制的对象
            mCanvas=mHolder.lockCanvas();
            //SurfaceView背景
            mCanvas.drawColor(Color.YELLOW);
            mCanvas.drawPath(mPath,mPaint);
        }catch (Exception e){
        }finally {
            if (mCanvas!=null){
                //提交
                mHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(mCanvas);
            }
        }
    }
}

在屏幕上绘制图形

public class Art extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback ,Runnable {

    //SurfaceHolder
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    //用于绘图的Canvas
    private Canvas mCanvas;
    //子线程标志位
    private boolean mIsDrawing;
    private Path mPath;
    private Paint mPaint;
    /**
     * 三个构造方法
     */
    public Art(Context context) {
        super(context);
        init();
    }
    public Art(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        init();
    }
    public Art(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        init();
    }
    //初始化
    private void init() {
        mHolder=getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
        setFocusable(true);
        setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        this.setKeepScreenOn(true);
        mPath = new Path();

        mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        mPaint.setStrokeWidth(10);
        mPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
        mPaint.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND);
    }

    //SurfaceView的创建
    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing=true;
        new Thread(this).start();
    }
    //SurfaceView的改变
    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {

    }
    //SurfaceView的销毁
    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing=false;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        long start=System.currentTimeMillis();
        while (mIsDrawing){
            draw();
        }
        long end=System.currentTimeMillis();
        //50-100之间
        if (end-start<100){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(100-(end-start));
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }

    private void draw() {
        try {
            //可以获得当前Canvas绘制的对象
            mCanvas=mHolder.lockCanvas();
            mCanvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
            mCanvas.drawPath(mPath,mPaint);
            //绘制的东西在这里写入
        }catch (Exception e){
        }finally {
            if (mCanvas!=null){
                //提交
                mHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(mCanvas);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        int x= (int) event.getX();
        int y= (int) event.getY();
        switch (event.getAction()){
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                mPath.moveTo(x,y);
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                mPath.lineTo(x,y);
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                break;

        }
        return true;
    }
}