Beautiful Soup 库一般被称为bs4库，支持Python3，是我们写爬虫非常好的第三方库。因用起来十分的简便流畅。所以也被人叫做“美味汤”。官方文档
安装方式：
$ pip install beautifulsoup4简单使用：
下面的一段HTML代码将作为例子被多次用到.这是 爱丽丝梦游仙境的 的一段内容(以后内容中简称为 爱丽丝 的文档):
html_doc = """
<html><head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head>
<body>
<p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>
<p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
<a href="http://example.com/elsie" class="sister" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
<a href="http://example.com/lacie" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and
<a href="http://example.com/tillie" class="sister" id="link3">Tillie</a>;
and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p>
<p class="story">...</p>
"""使用BeautifulSoup解析这段代码,能够得到一个 BeautifulSoup 的对象,并能按照标准的缩进格式的结构输出:
>>> from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
>>> html_doc = """
... <html><head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head>
... <body>
... <p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>
...
... <p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
... <a href="http://example.com/elsie" class="sister" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
... <a href="http://example.com/lacie" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and
... <a href="http://example.com/tillie" class="sister" id="link3">Tillie</a>;
... and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p>
...
... <p class="story">...</p>
... """
>>> soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc,'html.parser')
>>> print(soup.prettify())
<html>
<head>
<title>
The Dormouse's story
</title>
</head>
<body>
<p class="title">
<b>
The Dormouse's story
</b>
</p>
<p class="story">
Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">
Elsie
</a>
,
<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">
Lacie
</a>
and
<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">
Tillie
</a>
;
and they lived at the bottom of a well.
</p>
<p class="story">
...
</p>
</body>
</html
bs4库就是将网页文件变成了一个soup的类型，事实上，bs4库 是解析、遍历、维护、“标签树“的功能库。 通俗一点说就是： bs4库把html源代码重新进行了格式化， 从而方便我们对其中的节点、属性、标签、进行操作。
接下来采用soup的相关操作来浏览结构化的数据方式
soup.title
# <title>The Dormouse's story</title>
# 文档的标题
soup.title.name
# u'title'
# 标题的name
soup.title.string
# u'The Dormouse's story'
# 标题中的字符串
soup.title.parent.name
# u'head'
# title父亲节点的name属性
soup.p
# <p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>
# 文档第一个找到的段落
soup.p['class']
# u'title'
# 第一个找到的段落的class属性值
soup.a
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>
# 找到a的标签
soup.find_all('a')
# [<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">Lacie</a>,
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>]
# 找到所有a的标签soup.find(id="link3") # 找到id值等于3的a的标签# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a> 上面的例子，我们知道bs4库这样理解一个html源文件：
1.首先，将html源文件转换为soup类型
2.从soup类型中通过特定方式抓取内容
一些比较经常用到的用法：
从文档中找到所有<a>标签的链接:
#发现了没有，find_all方法返回的是一个可以迭代的列表
for link in soup.find_all('a'):
print(link.get('href'))
# http://example.com/elsie
# http://example.com/lacie
# http://example.com/tillie
#我们可以通过get_text 方法 快速得到源文件中的所有text内容。
print(soup.get_text())
# The Dormouse's story
#
# The Dormouse's story
#
# Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
# Elsie,
# Lacie and
# Tillie;
# and they lived at the bottom of a well.
#
# ...声明：原作者链接如下！
每天的学习记录都会 同步更新到： 微信公众号： findyourownway 知乎专栏：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/Ehco-python blog ： www.ehcoblog.ml
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