计算机视觉——图像处理基础

1. PIL-Python图像库

1.1 图像灰度处理

代码实现

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PIL import Image
from pylab import *

# 添加中文字体支持
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties
font = FontProperties(fname=r"c:\windows\fonts\SimSun.ttc", size=14)
figure()

pil_im = Image.open('D:\\python\pcv_data\data\empire.jpg')
gray()
subplot(121)
title(u'原图',fontproperties=font)
axis('off')
imshow(pil_im)

pil_im = Image.open('D:\\python\pcv_data\data\empire.jpg').convert('L')
subplot(122)
title(u'灰度图',fontproperties=font)
axis('off')
imshow(pil_im)

show()

运行结果

1.2 调整尺寸及旋转

调用resize()方法，对图片尺寸进行调整，元组中放置的便是你要调整尺寸的大小。
调用rotate()方法对图像进行旋转变换。

代码实现

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PIL import Image
from pylab import *

# 添加中文字体支持
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties
font = FontProperties(fname=r"c:\windows\fonts\SimSun.ttc", size=14)
figure()

# 显示原图
pil_im = Image.open('D:\\python\pcv_data\data\empire.jpg')
print pil_im.mode, pil_im.size, pil_im.format
subplot(231)
title(u'原图', fontproperties=font)
axis('off')
imshow(pil_im)

# 显示灰度图
pil_im = Image.open('D:\\python\pcv_data\data\empire.jpg').convert('L')
gray()
subplot(232)
title(u'灰度图', fontproperties=font)
axis('off')
imshow(pil_im)

#拷贝粘贴区域
pil_im = Image.open('D:\\python\pcv_data\data\empire.jpg')
box = (100,100,400,400)
region = pil_im.crop(box)
region = region.transpose(Image.ROTATE_180)
pil_im.paste(region,box)
subplot(233)
title(u'拷贝粘贴区域', fontproperties=font)
axis('off')
imshow(pil_im)

# 缩略图
pil_im = Image.open('D:\\python\pcv_data\data\empire.jpg')
size = 128, 128
pil_im.thumbnail(size)
print pil_im.size
subplot(234)
title(u'缩略图', fontpropert