MATLAB仿真上变频过程中的多率信号处理

        仿真上变频过程中的多率信号处理，包括实现N倍插值、混频器上变频、正交双通道处理，利用相位编码信号来看上变频过程中信号的变化。

        对于插值的理论这里不做过多的解释，仅说明如何利用仿真来实现。

         如上图所示，这是一个基带信号然后经过正交变换到中频的过程，基带的采样率为N SPS，经过M倍的插值，然后经过上变频得到中频信号，经过M倍的插值后，采样率由N SPS降为N*M SPS。下面就仿真由基带到中频的过程 

         信号采用相位编码信号，基带采样率为160MSPS，中频载波为400MHz。插值倍数为12倍，采用三级内插，第一级采用3倍抽取，第二级、第三级采用2倍内插。经过12倍的内插后的采样率为1920MSPS。

仿真结果如下所示：

        码频80MHz，单个脉冲码长为4，占空比25%，采样率为160MSPS的相位编码信号，从下图的时域波形图来看，单个脉冲的4个码值能够明显区分。频域的带宽（3dB带宽）为-40MHz~40MHz，

        第一级内插（三倍内插）后的波形图如下图所示。

第一级滤波后波形图如下图所示。

第二级内插（2倍）后的波形图如下图所示

第二级滤波后的波形图如下图所示

第三级内插（2倍）后的波形图如下图所示。 

第三级滤波后的波形图如下图所示。 

上变频后，频谱被搬移到400MHz的中频，信号时域得到高频正弦信号的调制。从时域图形来看，能够明显看出相位编码信号的单个脉冲的4个码值。 

然后经过INV SINC滤波器 。INV SINC函数补偿后，信号的功率被增大。以补偿DAC输出的高频输出的SINC函数损耗。

 仿真代码：

%% 参数
clc;
clear all;
close all;

fc = 400e6;
fs = 160e6;     %基带采样率
PRT = 200e-9;   %脉冲重复周期
N = 1024;       %脉冲数
CPI=N*PRT;

%% 产生一个CPI的M序列 80M码率
Np = 4;
length_M= 32;
feedback=[1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1]; 
register = [zeros(1,length_M-1) 1];
for i=1:N*Np
    BP_s(i) = mod(sum(feedback(2:end).*register),2);  
    for j=1:length_M-1
        register(length_M-j+1) = register(length_M-j);
    end
    register(1)=BP_s(i) ;   
end
BP_s=2*(BP_s-0.5);

%% 采样到160M的基带信号
st_tmp = reshape(BP_s, Np, N).';
st_1 = [];
for i=1:Np
    st_1 = [st_1 st_tmp(:,i) st_tmp(:,i) ];  %发射信号
end

st = [];
for i=1:N
    st = [st  st_1(i,:)  zeros(1,3*length(st_1(i,:)))];      %编码信号  25%占空比
end

BP_I=st;
BP_Q=zeros(1,length(st));
%% 上变频I通道

 s_480M_I = zeros(1,3*length(BP_I));
 s_480M_I(1:3:end) = BP_I(1:end);
 s_XB1_I=filter(duc_XB1,s_480M_I);         %XB1滤波
 
 s_960M_I = zeros(1,2*length(s_XB1_I));
 s_960M_I(1:2:end) =s_XB1_I(1:end);
 s_HB2_I=filter(duc_HB2,s_960M_I);         %HB2滤波
 
 s_1920M_I = zeros(1,2*length(s_HB2_I));
 s_1920M_I(1:2:end) =s_HB2_I(1:end);
 s_HB3_I=filter(duc_HB3,s_1920M_I);        %HB3滤波
 
 t=0:1/fs/12:CPI-1/fs/12;                           %通过NCO
 NCO_I=cos(2*pi*fc*t);
 s_out_I=s_HB3_I.*NCO_I;   
 
 %% 上变频Q通道
 s_480M_Q= zeros(1,3*length(BP_Q));
 s_480M_Q(1:3:end) = BP_Q(1:end);
 s_XB1_Q=filter(duc_XB1,s_480M_Q);         %XB1滤波
 
 s_960M_Q= zeros(1,2*length(s_XB1_Q));
 s_960M_Q(1:2:end) = s_XB1_Q(1:end);
 s_HB2_Q=filter(duc_HB2,s_960M_Q);         %HB2滤波
 
 s_1920M_Q= zeros(1,2*length(s_HB2_Q));
 s_1920M_Q(1:2:end) =s_HB2_Q(1:end);
 s_HB3_Q=filter(duc_HB3,s_1920M_Q);        %HB3滤波
 
  t=0:1/fs/12:CPI-1/fs/12;                          %通过NCO
 NCO_Q=sin(2*pi*fc*t);
 s_out_Q=s_HB3_Q.*NCO_Q;     
 

 第一级滤波器：

function Hd = duc_XB1
%DUC_XB1 Returns a discrete-time filter object.

% MATLAB Code
% Generated by MATLAB(R) 9.3 and DSP System Toolbox 9.5.
% Generated on: 26-Feb-2022 17:04:54

% Equiripple Lowpass filter designed using the FIRPM function.

% All frequency values are in MHz.
Fs = 480;  % Sampling Frequency

Fpass = 62.4;              % Passband Frequency
Fstop = 96;                % Stopband Frequency
Dpass = 0.0057563991496;   % Passband Ripple
Dstop = 5.6234132519e-05;  % Stopband Attenuation
dens  = 20;                % Density Factor

% Calculate the order from the parameters using FIRPMORD.
[N, Fo, Ao, W] = firpmord([Fpass, Fstop]/(Fs/2), [1 0], [Dpass, Dstop]);

% Calculate the coefficients using the FIRPM function.
b  = firpm(N, Fo, Ao, W, {dens});
Hd = dfilt.dffir(b);

 第二级滤波器：

function Hd = duc_HB2
%DUC_HB2 Returns a discrete-time filter object.

% MATLAB Code
% Generated by MATLAB(R) 9.3 and DSP System Toolbox 9.5.
% Generated on: 28-Feb-2022 19:29:16

% Equiripple Halfband lowpass filter designed using the FIRHALFBAND
% function.

% All frequency values are in MHz.
Fs = 960;  % Sampling Frequency

N     = 18;   % Order
Fpass = 120;  % Passband Frequency

% Calculate the coefficients using the FIRPM function.
b  = firhalfband(N, Fpass/(Fs/2));
Hd = dfilt.dffir(b);

 第三级滤波器

function Hd = duc_HB3
%DUC_HB3 Returns a discrete-time filter object.

% MATLAB Code
% Generated by MATLAB(R) 9.3 and DSP System Toolbox 9.5.
% Generated on: 26-Feb-2022 21:20:29

% Equiripple Halfband lowpass filter designed using the FIRHALFBAND
% function.

% All frequency values are in MHz.
Fs = 1920;  % Sampling Frequency

N     = 8;    % Order
Fpass = 102;  % Passband Frequency

% Calculate the coefficients using the FIRPM function.
b  = firhalfband(N, Fpass/(Fs/2));
Hd = dfilt.dffir(b);

INV SINC滤波器：

function Hd = duc_invsinc
%DUC_INVSINC Returns a discrete-time filter object.

% MATLAB Code
% Generated by MATLAB(R) 9.3 and DSP System Toolbox 9.5.
% Generated on: 26-Feb-2022 21:13:36

Numerator = [2 -8 21 -71 794 -71 21 -8 2];  % Numerator coefficient vector

Hd = dfilt.dffir(Numerator);