MVC——01 用配置文件搭建环境

SpringMVC 简介(重要组件)

1. DispatcherServlet: 前端控制器,接收所有请求(如果配置/不包含 jsp)
2. HandlerMapping: 解析请求格式的.判断希望要执行哪个具体的方法
3. HandlerAdapter: 负责调用具体的方法
4. ViewResovler:视图解析器.解析结果,准备跳转到具体的物理视图

1.导入jar包

2.配置web.xml

注：

1. web.xml不能导入jar包中，导入也是无效的
   原因：TomCat加载项目时，只在WEB-INF中找web.xml，而jar包中的内容在隐藏的classes下
2. 配置servlet在spring-mvcjar下，web.servlet包下的DispatcherServlet
3. url-pattern中的 / 拦截除了jsp以外的所有请求

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee                       
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
	
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springmvc123</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!-- 修改配置文件路径和名称 -->
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<!-- 自启动 -->
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springmvc123</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3. 配置springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <bean id="demo123" class="com.youdian.controller.DemoController"></bean>
    <bean  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
    	<property name="urlMap">
    		<map>
    			<!-- 解析出来控制器逻辑名 -->
    			<entry key="demo" value-ref="demo123"></entry>
    		</map>
    	</property>
    </bean>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    	<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
    	<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

4.实现demo123的class(控制器层)controller

实现controller接口，实现方法(默认转发跳)

public class DemoController implements Controller {
	@Override
	public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("执行mvc的控制器");
		ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("main");
		return mav;
	}
}