Andrew NG 机器学习 Logistic Regression 第三周编程作业

1 Logistic Regression

    通过学生两门成绩来判别学生能否被录取

1.1 Visualizing the data 数据视觉化

  

% Find Indices of Positive and Negative Examples
pos = find(y==1); neg = find(y == 0);
% Plot Examples

plot(X(pos, 1), X(pos, 2), 'k+','LineWidth', 2, ...
'MarkerSize', 7);

plot(X(neg, 1), X(neg, 2), 'ko', 'MarkerFaceColor', 'y', ...
'MarkerSize', 7);

1.2 Implementation
1.2.1 Warmup exercise: sigmoid function

function g = sigmoid(z)
%SIGMOID Compute sigmoid function
%   g = SIGMOID(z) computes the sigmoid of z.

% You need to return the following variables correctly 

g = zeros(size(z));

% ====================== YOUR CODE HERE ======================
% Instructions: Compute the sigmoid of each value of z (z can be a matrix,
%               vector or scalar).


g = 1 ./ ( 1 + exp(-z) );
 
% =============================================================

end

1.2.2 Cost function and gradient

function [J, grad] = costFunction(theta, X, y)
%COSTFUNCTION Compute cost and gradient for logistic regression
%   J = COSTFUNCTION(theta, X, y) computes the cost of using theta as the
%   parameter for logistic regression and the gradient of the cost
%   w.r.t. to the parameters.

% Initialize some useful values
m = length(y); % number of training examples

% You need to return the following variables correctly
J = 0;
grad = zeros(size(theta));

% ====================== YOUR CODE HERE ======================
% Instructions: Compute the cost of a particular choice of theta.
%               You should set J to the cost.
%               Compute the partial derivatives and set grad to the partial
%               derivatives of the cost w.r.t. each parameter in theta
%
% Note: grad should have the same dimensions as theta
%
h = sigmoid(X * theta);
J = (-1/m)*sum(y.*log(h)+log(1-h).*(1-y));
grad = sum((1/m)*(h-y).*X);
% =============================================================

end

1.2.4 Evaluating logistic regression

function p = predict(theta, X)
%PREDICT Predict whether the label is 0 or 1 using learned logistic 
%regression parameters theta
%   p = PREDICT(theta, X) computes the predictions for X using a 
%   threshold at 0.5 (i.e., if sigmoid(theta'*x) >= 0.5, predict 1)

m = size(X, 1); % Number of training examples

% You need to return the following variables correctly
p = zeros(m, 1);

% ====================== YOUR CODE HERE ======================
% Instructions: Complete the following code to make predictions using
%               your learned logistic regression parameters. 
%               You should set p to a vector of 0's and 1's
%
h = sigmoid(X*theta);
 for i = 1: m
  if h(i) >= 0.5
  p(i) = 1;
  else 
  p(i) = 0;
  end
% =========================================================================


end

2 Regularized logistic regression

2.3 Cost function and gradient

function [J, grad] = costFunctionReg(theta, X, y, lambda)
%COSTFUNCTIONREG Compute cost and gradient for logistic regression with regularization
%   J = COSTFUNCTIONREG(theta, X, y, lambda) computes the cost of using
%   theta as the parameter for regularized logistic regression and the
%   gradient of the cost w.r.t. to the parameters. 

% Initialize some useful values
m = length(y); % number of training examples

% You need to return the following variables correctly 
J = 0;
grad = zeros(size(theta));

% ====================== YOUR CODE HERE ======================
% Instructions: Compute the cost of a particular choice of theta.
%               You should set J to the cost.
%               Compute the partial derivatives and set grad to the partial
%               derivatives of the cost w.r.t. each parameter in theta
n = length(theta);
h = sigmoid(X * theta);
J = (-1/m)*sum(y.*log(h)+log(1-h).*(1-y))+lambda*(theta'*theta-theta(1)^2)/(2*m);
grad(1) = sum((1/m)*(h-y).*X(:,1));
for j = 2 : n
%以theta参数向量的维度作为循环次数
  grad(j) = sum((1/m)*(h-y).*X(:,j))+(lambda/m)*theta(j);
  end
% =============================================================

end

2.5 Optional (ungraded) exercises
In this part of the exercise, you will get to try out di erent regularization
parameters for the dataset to understand how regularization prevents over-
tting.

在实验种通过改变lambda的取值来观察正则化如何解决过拟合

lambda取过小：过拟合

lambda取过大：欠拟合