基于GPT3.5的代码编辑器Cursor试用-你的智能代码编辑助手

一、安装和使用

官网下载安装Cursor，然后创建一个代码文件。

Ctrl +  K生成， Ctrl + L提问。

默认每小时30词。 

• # 1. Try generating with command K on a new line. Ask for a pytorch script of a feedforward neural network
• # 2. Then, select the outputted code and hit chat. Ask if there's a bug. Ask how to improve.
• # 3. Try selecting some code and hitting edit. Ask the bot to add residual layers.
• # 4. To try out cursor on your own projects, go to the file menu (top left) and open a folder.

有些包需要自行安装，程序不一定一次通过运行，可提问。

二、测试

1. 乒乓球游戏

请用python写一个乒乓球游戏。有如下要求：

- 游戏包含两个参与者，一方是电脑，一方是玩家；电脑在界面左侧，玩家在界面右侧。

- 游戏界面上包含一个开始按钮，点击开始按钮后，游戏才能开始。

- 乒乓球接触球拍和界面上下边界时会反弹。

- 玩家通过Up,Down键来控制球拍的上下运动，玩家按住对应的键，球拍会保持一个方向运动。

- 电脑通过自动判断乒乓球的位置来进行移动，尽可能的将乒乓球反弹。

- 一方的球拍没有接到球的时候，对方得1分，先得够5分的一方获胜，同时游戏结束。

- 游戏结束后显示获胜的一方的角色：电脑或者玩家。

代码

# Import necessary modules
import pygame
import random

# Initialize Pygame
pygame.init()

# Set up the game window
WINDOW_WIDTH = 800
WINDOW_HEIGHT = 600
WINDOW = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("Ping Pong Game")

# Set up the colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)

# Set up the fonts
FONT = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48)

# Set up the ball
BALL_RADIUS = 10
ball_x = WINDOW_WIDTH // 2
ball_y = WINDOW_HEIGHT // 2
ball_dx = 5 * random.choice([-1, 1])
ball_dy = 5 * random.choice([-1, 1])

# Set up the paddles
PADDLE_WIDTH = 10
PADDLE_HEIGHT = 100
player_paddle_x = WINDOW_WIDTH - PADDLE_WIDTH - 10
player_paddle_y = WINDOW_HEIGHT // 2 - PADDLE_HEIGHT // 2
computer_paddle_x = 10
computer_paddle_y = WINDOW_HEIGHT // 2 - PADDLE_HEIGHT // 2
paddle_speed = 5

# Set up the scores
player_score = 0
computer_score = 0

# Set up the game loop
game_running = False
game_ended = False
clock = pygame.time.Clock()

while not game_ended:
    # Handle events
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            game_ended = True
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                game_running = True
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
            if event.key == pygame.K_UP or event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                player_paddle_dy = 0

    # Handle player input
    keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
    if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
        player_paddle_dy = -paddle_speed
    elif keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
        player_paddle_dy = paddle_speed
    else:
        player_paddle_dy = 0

    # Move the paddles
    player_paddle_y += player_paddle_dy
    if player_paddle_y < 0:
        player_paddle_y = 0
    elif player_paddle_y > WINDOW_HEIGHT - PADDLE_HEIGHT:
        player_paddle_y = WINDOW_HEIGHT - PADDLE_HEIGHT

    computer_paddle_y += ball_dy
    if computer_paddle_y < 0:
        computer_paddle_y = 0
    elif computer_paddle_y > WINDOW_HEIGHT - PADDLE_HEIGHT:
        computer_paddle_y = WINDOW_HEIGHT - PADDLE_HEIGHT

    # Move the ball
    if game_running:
        ball_x += ball_dx
        ball_y += ball_dy

        # Check for collisions with the walls
        if ball_y < BALL_RADIUS or ball_y > WINDOW_HEIGHT - BALL_RADIUS:
            ball_dy *= -1

        # Check for collisions with the paddles
        if ball_x < computer_paddle_x + PADDLE_WIDTH and \
                computer_paddle_y < ball_y < computer_paddle_y + PADDLE_HEIGHT:
            ball_dx *= -1
        elif ball_x > player_paddle_x and \
                player_paddle_y < ball_y < player_paddle_y + PADDLE_HEIGHT:
            ball_dx *= -1
        elif ball_x < 0:
            player_score += 1
            game_running = False
            ball_x = WINDOW_WIDTH // 2
            ball_y = WINDOW_HEIGHT // 2
            ball_dx = 5 * random.choice([-1, 1])
            ball_dy = 5 * random.choice([-1, 1])
        elif ball_x > WINDOW_WIDTH:
            computer_score += 1
            game_running = False
            ball_x = WINDOW_WIDTH // 2
            ball_y = WINDOW_HEIGHT // 2
            ball_dx = 5 * random.choice([-1, 1])
            ball_dy = 5 * random.choice([-1, 1])

        # Check for game over
        if player_score == 5 or computer_score == 5:
            game_running = False
            game_over_text = FONT.render("Game Over", True, WHITE)
            if player_score == 5:
                winner_text = FONT.render("Player Wins!", True, WHITE)
            else:
                winner_text = FONT.render("Computer Wins!", True, WHITE)

    # Draw the game
    WINDOW.fill(BLACK)

    if not game_running:
        start_text = FONT.render("Press Space to Start", True, WHITE)
        start_rect = start_text.get_rect(center=(WINDOW_WIDTH // 2, WINDOW_HEIGHT // 2))
        WINDOW.blit(start_text, start_rect)

    pygame.draw.circle(WINDOW, WHITE, (ball_x, ball_y), BALL_RADIUS)
    pygame.draw.rect(WINDOW, WHITE, (player_paddle_x, player_paddle_y, PADDLE_WIDTH, PADDLE_HEIGHT))
    pygame.draw.rect(WINDOW, WHITE, (computer_paddle_x, computer_paddle_y, PADDLE_WIDTH, PADDLE_HEIGHT))

    player_score_text = FONT.render(str(player_score), True, WHITE)
    computer_score_text = FONT.render(str(computer_score), True, WHITE)
    score_rect = player_score_text.get_rect(midtop=(WINDOW_WIDTH // 2, 10))
    WINDOW.blit(player_score_text, score_rect.move(-50, 0))
    WINDOW.blit(computer_score_text, score_rect.move(50, 0))

    if not game_running and (player_score > 0 or computer_score > 0):
        WINDOW.blit(game_over_text, game_over_text.get_rect(center=(WINDOW_WIDTH // 2, WINDOW_HEIGHT // 2 - 50)))
        WINDOW.blit(winner_text, winner_text.get_rect(center=(WINDOW_WIDTH // 2, WINDOW_HEIGHT // 2 + 50)))

    pygame.display.update()
    clock.tick(60)

# Quit Pygame
pygame.quit()

View Code

 可以运行

2. 手写数字识别

用Python写一个基于MINIST数据集的手写数字识别代码，并给出测试样例

import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.datasets import mnist
from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Conv2D, MaxPooling2D, Flatten, Dense

# Load MNIST dataset
(x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()

# Normalize pixel values to be between 0 and 1
x_train = x_train / 255.0
x_test = x_test / 255.0

# Reshape input data to have a single channel
x_train = np.reshape(x_train, (x_train.shape[0], x_train.shape[1], x_train.shape[2], 1))
x_test = np.reshape(x_test, (x_test.shape[0], x_test.shape[1], x_test.shape[2], 1))

# Define LeNet model
model = Sequential()
model.add(Conv2D(filters=6, kernel_size=(5, 5), activation='relu', input_shape=(28, 28, 1)))
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(2, 2)))
model.add(Conv2D(filters=16, kernel_size=(5, 5), activation='relu'))
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(2, 2)))
model.add(Flatten())
model.add(Dense(units=120, activation='relu'))
model.add(Dense(units=84, activation='relu'))
model.add(Dense(units=10, activation='softmax'))

# Compile model
model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='sparse_categorical_crossentropy', metrics=['accuracy'])

# Train model
model.fit(x_train, y_train, epochs=5, validation_data=(x_test, y_test))

# Visualize test example
# Visualize test example
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
image_index = 4444
plt.imshow(x_test[image_index].reshape(28, 28),cmap='Greys')
plt.show()


# Predict test example
pred = model.predict(x_test[image_index].reshape(1, 28, 28, 1))
print('Predicted value:', pred.argmax())

View Code

3. 聚类

 k-means： 用Python实现K-means算法，并在iris数据集上进行测试，最后对结果进行可视化

from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
from sklearn.cluster import KMeans
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# load iris dataset
iris = load_iris()
X = iris.data

# initialize KMeans model with 3 clusters
kmeans = KMeans(n_clusters=3)

# fit the model to the data
kmeans.fit(X)

# predict the clusters for each data point
y_kmeans = kmeans.predict(X)

# plot the clusters
plt.scatter(X[:, 0], X[:, 1], c=y_kmeans, cmap='viridis')
centers = kmeans.cluster_centers_
plt.scatter(centers[:, 0], centers[:, 1], c='black', s=200, alpha=0.5);
plt.show()

View Code

GMM： 用numpy实现GMM算法，给出测试样例

# Welcome to Cursor
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy.stats import multivariate_normal

# Generate some random data
np.random.seed(0)
n_samples = 300
mean1 = [0, 0]
cov1 = [[1, 0], [0, 1]]
mean2 = [5, 5]
cov2 = [[1, 0], [0, 1]]
X = np.concatenate([np.random.multivariate_normal(mean1, cov1, int(n_samples/2)),
                    np.random.multivariate_normal(mean2, cov2, int(n_samples/2))])

# Define the number of clusters and the tolerance for convergence
n_clusters = 2
tolerance = 0.01

# Initialize the means, covariances, and mixing coefficients
means = np.random.rand(n_clusters, X.shape[1])
covs = np.array([np.eye(X.shape[1])] * n_clusters)
mixing_coeffs = np.ones(n_clusters) / n_clusters

# Define the function to compute the responsibilities
def compute_responsibilities(X, means, covs, mixing_coeffs):
    responsibilities = np.zeros((X.shape[0], len(mixing_coeffs)))
    for k in range(len(mixing_coeffs)):
        responsibilities[:, k] = mixing_coeffs[k] * multivariate_normal.pdf(X, means[k], covs[k])
    responsibilities /= np.sum(responsibilities, axis=1, keepdims=True)
    return responsibilities

# Define the function to update the means, covariances, and mixing coefficients
def update_parameters(X, responsibilities):
    n_clusters = responsibilities.shape[1]
    n_samples = X.shape[0]
    means = np.zeros((n_clusters, X.shape[1]))
    covs = np.zeros((n_clusters, X.shape[1], X.shape[1]))
    mixing_coeffs = np.zeros(n_clusters)
    for k in range(n_clusters):
        nk = np.sum(responsibilities[:, k])
        means[k] = np.sum(responsibilities[:, k].reshape(-1, 1) * X, axis=0) / nk
        covs[k] = np.dot((responsibilities[:, k].reshape(-1, 1) * (X - means[k])).T, (X - means[k])) / nk
        mixing_coeffs[k] = nk / n_samples
    return means, covs, mixing_coeffs

# Run the EM algorithm
log_likelihoods = []
for i in range(100):
    responsibilities = compute_responsibilities(X, means, covs, mixing_coeffs)
    means, covs, mixing_coeffs = update_parameters(X, responsibilities)
    log_likelihood = np.sum(np.log(np.sum(responsibilities, axis=1)))
    log_likelihoods.append(log_likelihood)
    if i > 0 and np.abs(log_likelihoods[-1] - log_likelihoods[-2]) < tolerance:
        break

# Plot the data and the clusters
plt.scatter(X[:, 0], X[:, 1], c=np.argmax(responsibilities, axis=1))
plt.show()

View Code

4. RNN

用分别用Pytorh和Numpy写一个RNN网络，然后在一个1960年到2022年世界总人口树的时序数据上对它们进行测试。要求：

-对比Arima算法

-对数据进行可视化

-用1960年到2012年预测2013年到2022年，对预测结果可视化

# PyTorch RNN network
import torch
import torch.nn as nn

class RNN(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, input_size, hidden_size, output_size):
        super(RNN, self).__init__()
        self.hidden_size = hidden_size

        self.i2h = nn.Linear(input_size + hidden_size, hidden_size)
        self.i2o = nn.Linear(input_size + hidden_size, output_size)
        self.softmax = nn.LogSoftmax(dim=1)

    def forward(self, input, hidden):
        combined = torch.cat((input, hidden), 1)
        hidden = self.i2h(combined)
        output = self.i2o(combined)
        output = self.softmax(output)
        return output, hidden

    def initHidden(self):
        return torch.zeros(1, self.hidden_size)

# Numpy RNN network
import numpy as np

class NumpyRNN:
    def __init__(self, input_size, hidden_size, output_size):
        self.hidden_size = hidden_size

        self.Wxh = np.random.randn(hidden_size, input_size) * 0.01
        self.Whh = np.random.randn(hidden_size, hidden_size) * 0.01
        self.Why = np.random.randn(output_size, hidden_size) * 0.01
        self.bh = np.zeros((hidden_size, 1))
        self.by = np.zeros((output_size, 1))

    def forward(self, inputs, hprev):
        xs, hs, ys, ps = {}, {}, {}, {}
        hs[-1] = np.copy(hprev)
        for t in range(len(inputs)):
            xs[t] = np.zeros((input_size, 1))
            xs[t][inputs[t]] = 1
            hs[t] = np.tanh(np.dot(self.Wxh, xs[t]) + np.dot(self.Whh, hs[t-1]) + self.bh)
            ys[t] = np.dot(self.Why, hs[t]) + self.by
            ps[t] = np.exp(ys[t]) / np.sum(np.exp(ys[t]))
        return ps, hs

    def initHidden(self):
        return np.zeros((self.hidden_size, 1))

# Testing on world population data
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from statsmodels.tsa.arima_model import ARIMA

# Load data
data = pd.read_csv('world_population.csv', index_col=0)
data.index = pd.to_datetime(data.index)

# Train-test split
train_data = data.loc['1960':'2012']
test_data = data.loc['2013':'2022']

# ARIMA model
model = ARIMA(train_data, order=(1, 1, 1))
model_fit = model.fit(disp=0)
arima_pred = model_fit.predict(start='2013', end='2022', dynamic=False)

# PyTorch RNN model
input_size = 1
hidden_size = 32
output_size = 1
pytorch_rnn = RNN(input_size, hidden_size, output_size)
criterion = nn.MSELoss()
optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(pytorch_rnn.parameters(), lr=0.01)

# Train PyTorch RNN model
for epoch in range(1000):
    hidden = pytorch_rnn.initHidden()
    optimizer.zero_grad()
    loss = 0

    for i in range(len(train_data)-1):
        input_tensor = torch.tensor(train_data.iloc[i])
        target_tensor = torch.tensor(train_data.iloc[i+1])
        output, hidden = pytorch_rnn(input_tensor, hidden)
        loss += criterion(output, target_tensor)

    loss.backward()
    optimizer.step()

# Test PyTorch RNN model
pytorch_rnn.eval()
pytorch_pred = []
hidden = pytorch_rnn.initHidden()
for i in range(len(test_data)):
    input_tensor = torch.tensor(test_data.iloc[i])
    output, hidden = pytorch_rnn(input_tensor, hidden)
    pytorch_pred.append(output.detach().numpy()[0][0])

# Numpy RNN model
input_size = 1
hidden_size = 32
output_size = 1
numpy_rnn = NumpyRNN(input_size, hidden_size, output_size)

# Train Numpy RNN model
loss_fn = nn.MSELoss()
learning_rate = 0.01
for epoch in range(1000):
    hprev = numpy_rnn.initHidden()
    loss = 0

    for i in range(len(train_data)-1):
        x = np.array(train_data.iloc[i])
        y = np.array(train_data.iloc[i+1])
        ps, hprev = numpy_rnn.forward(x, hprev)
        loss += loss_fn(torch.tensor(ps[len(ps)-1]), torch.tensor(y))

        # Backpropagation
        dWhy = np.dot((ps[len(ps)-1]-y), hprev.T)
        dby = ps[len(ps)-1]-y
        dhnext = np.dot(numpy_rnn.Why.T, ps[len(ps)-1]-y)
        dWxh, dWhh, dbh = np.zeros_like(numpy_rnn.Wxh), np.zeros_like(numpy_rnn.Whh), np.zeros_like(numpy_rnn.bh)
        for t in reversed(range(len(ps)-1)):
            dy = np.copy(ps[t])
            dy[train_data.iloc[t+1]] -= 1
            dWhy += np.dot(dy, hs[t].T)
            dby += dy
            dh = np.dot(numpy_rnn.Why.T, dy) + dhnext
            dhraw = (1 - hs[t] * hs[t]) * dh
            dbh += dhraw
            dWxh += np.dot(dhraw, xs[t].T)
            dWhh += np.dot(dhraw, hs[t-1].T)
            dhnext = np.dot(numpy_rnn.Whh.T, dhraw)
        for dparam in [dWxh, dWhh, dWhy, dbh, dby]:
            np.clip(dparam, -5, 5, out=dparam)
        numpy_rnn.Wxh -= learning_rate * dWxh
        numpy_rnn.Whh -= learning_rate * dWhh
        numpy_rnn.Why -= learning_rate * dWhy
        numpy_rnn.bh -= learning_rate * dbh
        numpy_rnn.by -= learning_rate * dby

# Test Numpy RNN model
numpy_pred = []
hprev = numpy_rnn.initHidden()
for i in range(len(test_data)):
    x = np.array(test_data.iloc[i])
    ps, hprev = numpy_rnn.forward(x, hprev)
    numpy_pred.append(ps[len(ps)-1].argmax())

# Visualize results
plt.figure(figsize=(10,5))
plt.plot(train_data.index, train_data, label='Training data')
plt.plot(test_data.index, test_data, label='True values')
plt.plot(test_data.index, arima_pred, label='ARIMA')
plt.plot(test_data.index, pytorch_pred, label='PyTorch RNN')
plt.plot(test_data.index, numpy_pred, label='Numpy RNN')
plt.legend()
plt.show()

View Code

不知道对不对，训练代码都给出了

5. 自注意力

用Pytorch实现自注意力网络，并进行测试

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F

class SelfAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, embed_size, heads):
        super(SelfAttention, self).__init__()
        self.embed_size = embed_size
        self.heads = heads
        self.head_dim = embed_size // heads
        
        assert (self.head_dim * heads == embed_size), "Embed size needs to be divisible by heads"
        
        self.values = nn.Linear(self.head_dim, self.head_dim, bias=False)
        self.keys = nn.Linear(self.head_dim, self.head_dim, bias=False)
        self.queries = nn.Linear(self.head_dim, self.head_dim, bias=False)
        self.fc_out = nn.Linear(heads*self.head_dim, embed_size)
        
    def forward(self, values, keys, query, mask):
        N = query.shape[0]
        value_len, key_len, query_len = values.shape[1], keys.shape[1], query.shape[1]
        
        # Split embedding into self.heads pieces
        values = values.reshape(N, value_len, self.heads, self.head_dim)
        keys = keys.reshape(N, key_len, self.heads, self.head_dim)
        query = query.reshape(N, query_len, self.heads, self.head_dim)
        
        values = self.values(values) # (N, value_len, heads, head_dim)
        keys = self.keys(keys) # (N, key_len, heads, head_dim)
        queries = self.queries(query) # (N, query_len, heads, head_dim)
        
        energy = torch.einsum("nqhd,nkhd->nhqk", [queries, keys]) # (N, heads, query_len, key_len)
        
        if mask is not None:
            energy = energy.masked_fill(mask == 0, float("-1e20"))
        
        attention = torch.softmax(energy / (self.embed_size ** (1/2)), dim=3) # (N, heads, query_len, key_len)
        
        out = torch.einsum("nhql,nlhd->nqhd", [attention, values]).reshape(N, query_len, self.heads*self.head_dim)
        
        out = self.fc_out(out)
        
        return out

class TransformerBlock(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, embed_size, heads, dropout, forward_expansion):
        super(TransformerBlock, self).__init__()
        self.attention = SelfAttention(embed_size, heads)
        self.norm1 = nn.LayerNorm(embed_size)
        self.norm2 = nn.LayerNorm(embed_size)
        
        self.feed_forward = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(embed_size, forward_expansion*embed_size),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Linear(forward_expansion*embed_size, embed_size)
        )
        
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)
        
    def forward(self, value, key, query, mask):
        attention = self.attention(value, key, query, mask)
        
        x = self.dropout(self.norm1(attention + query))
        forward = self.feed_forward(x)
        out = self.dropout(self.norm2(forward + x))
        
        return out

class Encoder(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, src_vocab_size, embed_size, num_layers, heads, device, forward_expansion, dropout, max_length):
        super(Encoder, self).__init__()
        self.embed_size = embed_size
        self.device = device
        self.word_embedding = nn.Embedding(src_vocab_size, embed_size)
        self.position_embedding = nn.Embedding(max_length, embed_size)
        
        self.layers = nn.ModuleList([
            TransformerBlock(embed_size, heads, dropout=dropout, forward_expansion=forward_expansion)
            for _ in range(num_layers)
        ])
        
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)
        
    def forward(self, x, mask):
        N, seq_length = x.shape
        positions = torch.arange(0, seq_length).expand(N, seq_length).to(self.device)
        
        out = self.dropout(self.word_embedding(x) + self.position_embedding(positions))
        
        for layer in self.layers:
            out = layer(out, out, out, mask)
            
        return out

class DecoderBlock(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, embed_size, heads, forward_expansion, dropout, device):
        super(DecoderBlock, self).__init__()
        self.norm = nn.LayerNorm(embed_size)
        self.attention = SelfAttention(embed_size, heads)
        self.transformer_block = TransformerBlock(embed_size, heads, dropout, forward_expansion)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)
        
    def forward(self, x, value, key, src_mask, trg_mask):
        attention = self.attention(x, x, x, trg_mask)
        query = self.dropout(self.norm(attention + x))
        out = self.transformer_block(value, key, query, src_mask)
        return out

class Decoder(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, trg_vocab_size, embed_size, num_layers, heads, forward_expansion, dropout, device, max_length):
        super(Decoder, self).__init__()
        self.device = device
        self.word_embedding = nn.Embedding(trg_vocab_size, embed_size)
        self.position_embedding = nn.Embedding(max_length, embed_size)
        
        self.layers = nn.ModuleList([
            DecoderBlock(embed_size, heads, forward_expansion, dropout, device)
            for _ in range(num_layers)
        ])
        
        self.fc_out = nn.Linear(embed_size, trg_vocab_size)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)
        
    def forward(self, x, enc_out, src_mask, trg_mask):
        N, seq_length = x.shape
        positions = torch.arange(0, seq_length).expand(N, seq_length).to(self.device)
        
        x = self.dropout(self.word_embedding(x) + self.position_embedding(positions))
        
        for layer in self.layers:
            x = layer(x, enc_out, enc_out, src_mask, trg_mask)
            
        out = self.fc_out(x)
        
        return out

class Transformer(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, src_vocab_size, trg_vocab_size, src_pad_idx, trg_pad_idx, embed_size=256, num_layers=6, forward_expansion=4, heads=8, dropout=0, device="cuda", max_length=100):
        super(Transformer, self).__init__()
        
        self.encoder = Encoder(src_vocab_size, embed_size, num_layers, heads, device, forward_expansion, dropout, max_length)
        self.decoder = Decoder(trg_vocab_size, embed_size, num_layers, heads, forward_expansion, dropout, device, max_length)
        
        self.src_pad_idx = src_pad_idx
        self.trg_pad_idx = trg_pad_idx
        self.device = device
        
    def make_src_mask(self, src):
        src_mask = (src != self.src_pad_idx).unsqueeze(1).unsqueeze(2)
        # (N, 1, 1, src_len)
        return src_mask.to(self.device)
    
    def make_trg_mask(self, trg):
       trg_mask = torch.tril(torch.ones((seq_length, seq_length))).expand(N, 1, seq_length, seq_length)
        # (N, 1, trg_len, trg_len)
        return trg_mask.to(self.device)

View Code

不知道对不对，写到一般次数受限了(直接写Transformer了)

6. 聊天

实现一个聊天机器人，给出测试样例

# 使用Python调用BERT实现聊天机器人
import torch
from transformers import BertTokenizer, BertForQuestionAnswering

# 加载预训练的BERT模型
tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-chinese')
model = BertForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained('bert-base-chinese')

# 回答问题的函数
def answer_question(question, answer_text):
    # 将问题和答案文本编码为输入ID
    input_ids = tokenizer.encode(question, answer_text)
    tokens = tokenizer.convert_ids_to_tokens(input_ids)

    # 确定问题和答案文本的分段ID
    sep_index = input_ids.index(tokenizer.sep_token_id)
    num_seg_a = sep_index + 1
    num_seg_b = len(input_ids) - num_seg_a
    segment_ids = [0]*num_seg_a + [1]*num_seg_b
    assert len(segment_ids) == len(input_ids)

    # 使用BertForQuestionAnswering模型预测答案的开始和结束位置
    outputs = model(torch.tensor([input_ids]), token_type_ids=torch.tensor([segment_ids]))
    start_scores = outputs.start_logits
    end_scores = outputs.end_logits

    # 找到具有最高“start”和“end”分数的标记
    answer_start = torch.argmax(start_scores)
    answer_end = torch.argmax(end_scores)

    # 将标记转换回字符串
    answer = tokens[answer_start]
    for i in range(answer_start + 1, answer_end + 1):
        if tokens[i][0:2] == '##':
            answer += tokens[i][2:]
        else:
            answer += ' ' + tokens[i]

    return answer

View Code

# Here is an example of how to use the answer_question function:
question = "什么是BERT？"
answer_text = "BERT是一种预训练语言模型，可以用于各种自然语言处理任务。"
answer = answer_question(question, answer_text)
print(answer)

# Output: "一种预训练语言模型"

解释

BertForQuestionAnswering是一个预训练的BERT模型，用于回答问题。它是transformers库中的一个类，可以通过from_pretrained方法加载预训练的模型。在给定问题和答案文本的情况下，answer_question函数使用BertTokenizer将文本编码为输入ID，并使用BertForQuestionAnswering模型预测答案的开始和结束位置。然后，它将这些位置转换回标记并返回答案字符串。

直接调包，好像没理解问题，给出QA了。

7. 矩阵乘法

基于C++实现通用矩阵乘法，并给出多个测试样例。要求如下：

- 矩阵乘法需要实现分块乘法

- 需要根据矩阵的稀疏情况进行优化

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

const int BLOCK_SIZE = 32;

void gemm(vector<vector<double>>& A, vector<vector<double>>& B, vector<vector<double>>& C) {
    int n = A.size(), m = B.size(), p = B[0].size();
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i += BLOCK_SIZE) {
        for (int j = 0; j < p; j += BLOCK_SIZE) {
            for (int k = 0; k < m; k += BLOCK_SIZE) {
                for (int ii = i; ii < min(n, i + BLOCK_SIZE); ii++) {
                    for (int jj = j; jj < min(p, j + BLOCK_SIZE); jj++) {
                        for (int kk = k; kk < min(m, k + BLOCK_SIZE); kk++) {
                            C[ii][jj] += A[ii][kk] * B[kk][jj];
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

void optimize_gemm(vector<vector<double>>& A, vector<vector<double>>& B, vector<vector<double>>& C) {
    int n = A.size(), m = B.size(), p = B[0].size();
    vector<vector<double>> Bt(p, vector<double>(m));
    for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
            Bt[i][j] = B[j][i];
        }
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i += BLOCK_SIZE) {
        for (int j = 0; j < p; j += BLOCK_SIZE) {
            for (int k = 0; k < m; k += BLOCK_SIZE) {
                for (int ii = i; ii < min(n, i + BLOCK_SIZE); ii++) {
                    for (int jj = j; jj < min(p, j + BLOCK_SIZE); jj++) {
                        double sum = 0;
                        for (int kk = k; kk < min(m, k + BLOCK_SIZE); kk++) {
                            sum += A[ii][kk] * Bt[jj][kk];
                        }
                        C[ii][jj] += sum;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    vector<vector<double>> A = {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}};
    vector<vector<double>> B = {{7, 8}, {9, 10}, {11, 12}};
    vector<vector<double>> C1(2, vector<double>(2)), C2(2, vector<double>(2));
    gemm(A, B, C1);
    optimize_gemm(A, B, C2);
    cout << "C1:" << endl;
    for (auto row : C1) {
        for (auto x : row) {
            cout << x << " ";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
    cout << "C2:" << endl;
    for (auto row : C2) {
        for (auto x : row) {
            cout << x << " ";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

View Code

 可运行

用python写一个基于多线程的并行矩阵乘法，并给出测试样例

import numpy as np
import threading

# Define a function to perform matrix multiplication
def matmul(A, B, C, i, j):
    C[i][j] = np.dot(A[i], B[:,j])

# Define a function to perform parallel matrix multiplication
def parallel_matmul(A, B, num_threads):
    # Get the shape of the matrices
    m, n = A.shape
    p, q = B.shape
    
    # Check if the matrices can be multiplied
    if n != p:
        print("Matrices cannot be multiplied")
        return None
    
    # Create a matrix to store the result
    C = np.zeros((m, q))
    
    # Create a list to store the threads
    threads = []
    
    # Create the threads
    for i in range(m):
        for j in range(q):
            thread = threading.Thread(target=matmul, args=(A, B, C, i, j))
            threads.append(thread)
    
    # Start the threads
    for i in range(num_threads):
        for j in range(i, len(threads), num_threads):
            threads[j].start()
    
    # Wait for the threads to finish
    for thread in threads:
        thread.join()
    
    # Return the result
    return C

# Test the function
A = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]])
B = np.array([[7, 8], [9, 10]])
C = parallel_matmul(A, B, 2)
print(C)

View Code

可运行

8. 可视化

获取贵州茅台从2018年元旦至2023年3月20日的行情数据，计算MACD指标

import tushare as ts
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_finance import candlestick_ochl
from matplotlib.pylab import date2num
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

# 获取贵州茅台从2018年元旦至2023年3月20日的行情数据
df = ts.get_k_data('600519', start='2018-01-01', end='2023-03-20')

# 计算MACD指标
def MACD(df, fastperiod=12, slowperiod=26, signalperiod=9):
    ewma12 = pd.Series.ewm(df['close'], span=fastperiod).mean()
    ewma26 = pd.Series.ewm(df['close'], span=slowperiod).mean()
    dif = ewma12 - ewma26
    dea = pd.Series.ewm(dif, span=signalperiod).mean()
    macd = (dif - dea) * 2
    return dif, dea, macd

dif, dea, macd = MACD(df)

# 画图展示
df['time'] = pd.to_datetime(df['date'])
df['time'] = df['time'].apply(date2num)
df = df[['time', 'open', 'close', 'high', 'low']]
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(20, 10))
candlestick_ochl(ax, df.values, width=0.6, colorup='red', colordown='green', alpha=0.8)
plt.plot(dif, label='DIF', color='blue')
plt.plot(dea, label='DEA', color='orange')
plt.bar(macd.index, macd, label='MACD', color='purple')
plt.legend()
plt.title('Guizhou Maotai Stock Price with MACD')
plt.xlabel('Date')
plt.ylabel('Price')
plt.show()

View Code

 可运行

 9.WEB

用python爬取成都的7天内的天气，转换成WEB程序：

- 使用Python Flask编写后端代码

- 前端页面静态页面， 展示天气图标

from flask import Flask, render_template_string
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup


app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def home():
    # Scrape weather data from website
    url = 'https://www.weather.com/zh-CN/weather/5day/l/CHXX0006:1:CH'
    response = requests.get(url)

    print("Start to crawling")
    soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, 'html.parser')
    days = soup.find_all('h3', class_='DailyContent--daypartName--3G5Y8')
    temps = soup.find_all('div', class_='DailyContent--temp--_8DL5')
    icons = soup.find_all('img', class_='DailyContent--icon--2s5M5')
    weather_data = []
    for i in range(len(days)):
        day = days[i].text
        temp = temps[i].text
        icon = icons[i]['alt']
        weather_data.append({'day': day, 'temp': temp, 'icon': icon})
        
    print(weather_data)
    # Render template with weather data
    template = """
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
      <head>
        <title>Weather App</title>
      </head>
      <body>
        <h1>5-Day Weather Forecast</h1>
        <table>
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th>Day</th>
              <th>Temperature</th>
              <th>Icon</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            {% for data in weather_data %}
            <tr>
              <td>{{ data.day }}</td>
              <td>{{ data.temp }}</td>
              <td>{{ data.icon }}</td>
            </tr>
            {% endfor %}
          </tbody>
        </table>
      </body>
    </html>
    """
    return render_template_string(template, weather_data=weather_data)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

View Code

爬虫有问题，程序有的包都没导入。

10.电机控制

用C语言写一个控制直流电机的算法。要求包括启动电机、多档加速电机、停止电机、基于PID算法对电机速度进行控制

View Code

 不知道对不对

11.Verilog HDL

加法器 乘法器 矩阵乘法

// This is a Verilog code for a simple adder
module adder(input a, input b, output sum);
    assign sum = a + b;
endmodule

// This is a Verilog code for a simple multiplier
module multiplier(input a, input b, output mult);
    assign mult = a * b;
endmodule

// This is a Verilog code for a matrix multiplication module
module matrix_multiplier(
    input [3:0][3:0] matrix_A, // 4x4 matrix A
    input [3:0][3:0] matrix_B, // 4x4 matrix B
    output [3:0][3:0] matrix_C // 4x4 matrix C = A * B
);

genvar i, j, k;
wire [7:0] temp;

generate
    // Multiply each element of matrix A with corresponding element of matrix B
    // and accumulate the results to get each element of matrix C
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i = i + 1) begin : ROWS_C
        for (j = 0; j < 4; j = j + 1) begin : COLS_C
            assign temp = 8'h0;
            for (k = 0; k < 4; k = k + 1) begin : ELEMENTS_A_B
                assign temp = temp + matrix_A[i][k] * matrix_B[k][j];
            end
            assign matrix_C[i][j] = temp;
        end
    end
endgenerate

endmodule

View Code

  不知道对不对

12.线程池

用Java写一个线程池，并给出测试样例

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class ThreadPoolExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            Runnable worker = new WorkerThread("" + i);
            executor.execute(worker);
        }
        executor.shutdown();
        while (!executor.isTerminated()) {
        }
        System.out.println("Finished all threads");
    }
}

class WorkerThread implements Runnable {

    private String message;

    public WorkerThread(String s) {
        this.message = s;
    }

    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " (Start) message = " + message);
        processMessage();
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " (End)");
    }

    private void processMessage() {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

View Code

 不知道对不对

总结比较强大的全能代码写手，但是需要设置合适的问题。

能够完成初级问题解答，有时可能比搜索快。