简单工厂模式与抽象工厂模式

简单工厂模式：建立一个简单的工厂类，工厂类的静态成员方法接收一个参数来分辨返回何种类的实例

class Animal {
public:
    virtual ~Animal() {};
    virtual void dosomething() = 0;
};


class Cat : public Animal {
public:
    void dosomething() {
        cout << "我是一只小猫，喵" << endl;
    }
};

class Dog :public Animal {
public:
    void dosomething() {
        cout << "我是一只小狗，汪" << endl;
    }

};

class animalFactory {
public:
    Animal* createAnimal(string kind) {
        if (kind == "cat") {
            return new Cat();
        }
        else if (kind == "dog") {
            return new Dog();
        }
        else {
            return nullptr;
        }
    }
};

工厂方法模式：是对简单工厂模式的一个升级，不再通过接受参数来返回需要的实例，而是给每个需要的实例实现一个对应的工厂类，再通过相应的工厂类返回所需实例

class Animal {
public:
    virtual ~Animal() {};
    virtual void dosomething() = 0;
};


class Cat : public Animal {
public:
    void dosomething() {
        cout << "我是一只小猫，喵" << endl;
    }
};

class Dog :public Animal {
public:
    void dosomething() {
        cout << "我是一只小狗，汪" << endl;
    }

};

class animalFactory {
public:
    virtual Animal* createAnimal()=0;
};

class catFactory : public animalFactory {
public:
    Cat* createAnimal() {
        return new Cat();
    }

};

class dogFactory : public animalFactory {
public:
    Dog* createAnimal() {
        return new Dog();
    }
};




int main() {
    catFactory* catfactory = new catFactory();
    Cat* cat = catfactory ->createAnimal();

    dogFactory* dogfactory = new dogFactory();
    Dog* dog = dogfactory->createAnimal();

    return 0;
}

抽象工厂模式：当类的种类很多且可以按某个属性将其中的几个类划分为一个类时，再使用工厂方法模式将会产生大量的工厂类，由此提出抽象工厂模式，一个工厂有多个成员函数来生成这一大类中的不同小类的实例

class Animal {
public:
    virtual ~Animal() {};
    virtual void dosomething() = 0;
};


class Cat : public Animal {
public:
    void dosomething() {
        cout << "我是一只小猫，喵" << endl;
    }
};

class Dog :public Animal {
public:
    void dosomething() {
        cout << "我是一只小狗，汪" << endl;
    }

};


class Factory {
public:
    virtual Cat* createcat()=0;
    virtual Dog* creatdog() = 0;
    virtual ~Factory() {}

};



class animalFactory :Factory {
public:
    Cat* createcat() {
        return new Cat();
    }

    Dog* createdog() {
        return new Dog();
    }
};