STL学习3常用算法3.6常用拷贝替换算法

1、copy复制

   1.1 将容器中指定范围的元素拷贝到另一容器中

   1.2 目标容器要有容量

2、replace按值替换

    2.1  将区间内指定的旧元素替换为新元素

3、replace_if  按条件替换

    3.1  将区间中符合条件的旧元素替换为新元素

4、swap 交换

    4.1 交换两个容器中的所有元素

5

#include"pch.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
#include<iterator>//ostream_iterator

using namespace std;

//copy   将容器中指定范围的元素拷贝到另一容器中

void test01()
{
	vector<int>v1;
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		v1.push_back(i);
	}
	vector<int>vTarget;
	vTarget.resize(v1.size());
	copy(v1.begin(), v1.end(), vTarget.begin());
	cout << "copy vTarget: " << endl;
	/*for_each(vTarget.begin(), vTarget.end(), [](int val) {cout << val <<" "; });
	cout << endl;*/
	//利用输出流迭代器进行打印
	copy(vTarget.begin(), vTarget.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
	cout << endl;
}

//replace 将指定范围内旧元素修改为新元素
//replace_if 按条件进行替换

class MyCompare2
{
public:
	bool operator()(int val)
	{
		return val > 3;
	}
};
void test02()
{
	vector<int>v2;
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		v2.push_back(i);
	}
	
	replace(v2.begin(), v2.end(), 3, 300);
	cout << "after replace: " << endl;
	copy(v2.begin(), v2.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));
	cout << endl;

	//按条件进行替换
	//将所有大于3的替换为300
	replace_if(v2.begin(), v2.end(), MyCompare2(), 3000);
	cout << "after replace_if: " << endl;
	copy(v2.begin(), v2.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));
}

//swap 互换两个容器元素
void test03()
{
	vector<int>v3;
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		v3.push_back(i);
	}
	vector<int>v4(10, 100);
	cout << "before swap: " << endl;
	cout << "v3= ";
	copy(v3.begin(), v3.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));
	cout << endl;
	cout << "v4= ";
	copy(v4.begin(), v4.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));
	cout << endl;
	swap(v3, v4);
	cout << "after swap: " << endl;
	cout << "v3= ";
	copy(v3.begin(), v3.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));
	cout << endl;
	cout << "v4= ";
	copy(v4.begin(), v4.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));

}

int main()
{
	//test01();
	//test02();
	test03();
}

、测试程序