python 模拟知乎登录

调试了好长时间：代码分享给大家

登录一次之后可以直接用 get_index() 登录了
获取验证码的操作一定是用 session ，而不是 requests，session 中保留了服务器发给你的 cookies

# coding=utf-8
import requests
import cookielib
from pyquery import PyQuery
import time
import re
import Image

header = {
            'Referer': 'https://www.zhihu.com/',
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.81 Safari/537.36',
            'Host': 'www.zhihu.com'
         }
session = requests.session()
session.cookies = cookielib.LWPCookieJar(filename='cookies.txt')
try:
    session.cookies.load(ignore_discard=True)
except:
    print 'cookie未能正确加载'
def get_xsrf():
    reponse = session.get('https://www.zhihu.com', headers=header)
    #print reponse.text
    if reponse.text:
        s = re.findall('.*name="_xsrf" value="(.*?)"', reponse.text)
        #print s
    if s:
         #print s[0]
         return s[0]
    #print (reponse.text)


def get_captcha():
    t = str(int(time.time()*1000))
    str_captcha = 'https://www.zhihu.com/captcha.gif?r={0}&type=login'.format(t)
    t = session.get(str_captcha,headers=header)  #注意这里要用 session 而不是 requests
    with open("captcha.jpg","wb") as f:
        f.write(t.content)
        f.close()
    try:
        im = Image.open("captcha.jpg")
        im.show()
        im.close()
    except:
        pass

    cap = raw_input("请输入验证码\n>")
    #print cap
    return cap

def login_zhihu(account,paasword):
    if re.match("^1\d{10}",account):
        print '手机验证码登录'
        post_url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/login/phone_num'
        captcha = get_captcha()
        post_data = {
            "_xsrf":get_xsrf(),
            'phone_num':account,
            'password':paasword,
            'captcha':captcha
        }
    if re.match("^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+(\.[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)+$",account):
        print '邮箱验证码登录'
        post_url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/login/email'
        captcha = get_captcha()
        post_data = {
            "_xsrf": get_xsrf(),
            'email': account,
            'password': paasword,
            'captcha': captcha
        }
    reponse_text = session.post(post_url, data=post_data, headers=header)
    print reponse_text
    session.cookies.save()

def get_index():
    reponse = session.get("https://www.zhihu.com",headers=header)
    with open("index_page.html","wb") as f:
        f.write(reponse.text.encode('utf-8'))
    print ('ok 已经保存到 index_page 文件中')

def is_login():
    indox_url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/inbox'
    reponse = session.get(indox_url,headers=header,allow_redirects=False)
    if reponse.status_code != 200:
        return False
    else:
        return True

#login_zhihu('xxx','xxx')
#login_zhihu("xx","xx")
#get_captcha()
get_index()
print is_login()