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ansible练习题

生成主机文件
将一个初始模板文件从http://content.example.com/hosts.j2下载到/home/student/ansible
完成该模板，以便用它生成以下文件：针对每个清单主机包含一行内容，其格式与 /etc/hosts 相同
创建名为 /home/student/ansible/hosts.yml 的playbook，它将使用此模板在 dev 主机组中的主机上生成文件 /etc/myhosts。
该 playbook 运行后，dev 主机组中主机上的文件/etc/myhosts 应针对每个受管主机包含一行内容：
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
172.24.1.6 servera.lab1.example.com servera
172.24.1.7 serverb.lab1.example.com serverb
172.24.1.8 serverc.lab1.example.com serverc
172.24.1.9 serverd.lab1.example.com serverd
172.24.1.10 bastion.lab1.example.com bastion

[student@ansible ~]$ vim hosts.j2
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
{% for host in groups.all %}
{{ hostvars[host].ansible_enp1s0.ipv4.address }}  {{ hostvars[host].ansible_fqdn }}  {{ hostvars[host].ansible_hostname }}
{% endfor %}

[student@ansible ~]$ vim hosts.yml
---
- name: get all facts
  hosts: all
- name: cp to myhosts
  hosts: dev
  tasks:
    - name: cp file
      template:
        src: /home/student/ansible/hosts.j2
        dest: /etc/myhosts

创建密码库
按照下方所述，创建一个 Ansible 库来存储用户密码：
库名称为 /home/student/ansible/locker.yml
库中含有两个变量，名称如下：
pw_developer，值为 Imadev
pw_manager，值为 Imamgr
用于加密和解密该库的密码为whenyouwishuponastar
密码存储在文件 /home/student/ansible/secret.txt中

[student@ansible ansible]$  vim locker.yml
---
pw_developer: lmadev
pw_manager: lmamgr
[student@ansible ansible]$ echo whenyouwishuponastar > secret.txt
[student@ansible ansible]$ chmod 600 secret.txt
[student@ansible ansible]$ ansible-vault encrypt locker.yml --vault-id=/home/student/ansible/secret.txt
Encryption successful
[student@ansible ansible]$ cat locker.yml
$ANSIBLE_VAULT;1.1;AES256
35366334373935636438613863316134626362343138353936643936316630626434333936353730
3839646436393838613165326464373162643539636330340a376364373532306130363538626532
66383564633961363262376636326137303938666265366166623964303861626135396465656663
6466323530656163650a666230646238643234333637633461333133333533623339663238313534
61386531616261616531366665326538333765386164333034303232623461306436366362373931
6561326264633461306633383531303963353632653362663263

创建用户账户

[student@ansible ansible]$ cat user_list.yml 
---
users:
  - name: bob
    job: developer
  - name: sally
    job: manager
  - name: fred
    job: developer

[student@ansible ansible]$ vim users.yml 
[student@ansible ansible]$ cat users.yml 
--- 
- name: create developer user 
  hosts: dev, test 
  vars_files: 
    - /home/student/ansible/locker.yml 
    - /home/student/ansible/user_list.yml 
  tasks: 
    - name: create group student 
      group: 
        name: student 
        state: present 

    - name: create user  
      user: 
        name: "{{ item.name }}" 
        groups: student 
        password: "{{ pw_developer | password_hash('sha512') }}" 
        state: present
      loop: "{{ users }}" 
      when: item.job == "developer" 
    - name: chage
      shell: 
        cmd: chage -M 30 {{ item.name }}
      loop: "{{ users }}"
      when: item.job == "developer"
- name: create manager user 
  hosts: prod 
  vars_files: 
    - /home/student/ansible/locker.yml 
    - /home/student/ansible/user_list.yml 
  tasks: 
    - name: create group  
      group: 
        name: opsmgr 
        
    - name: create user in manager 
      user: 
        name: "{{ item.name }}" 
        groups: opsmgr 
        password: "{{ pw_manager | password_hash('sha512') }}" 
        state: present
      loop: "{{ users }}" 
      when: item.job == "manager" 
    - name: chage1
      shell: 
        cmd: chage -M 30 {{ item.name }}
      loop: "{{ users }}"
      when: item.job == "manager"

[student@ansible ansible]$ ansible-playbook users.yml --vault-id secret.txt

PLAY [create developer user] ***********************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************************************
ok: [node2]
ok: [node1]

TASK [create group student] ************************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
ok: [node2]

TASK [create user] *********************************************************************************************
changed: [node1] => (item={'name': 'bob', 'job': 'developer'})
skipping: [node1] => (item={'name': 'sally', 'job': 'manager'}) 
changed: [node2] => (item={'name': 'bob', 'job': 'developer'})
skipping: [node2] => (item={'name': 'sally', 'job': 'manager'}) 
changed: [node1] => (item={'name': 'fred', 'job': 'developer'})
changed: [node2] => (item={'name': 'fred', 'job': 'developer'})

TASK [chage] ***************************************************************************************************
changed: [node1] => (item={'name': 'bob', 'job': 'developer'})
skipping: [node1] => (item={'name': 'sally', 'job': 'manager'}) 
changed: [node2] => (item={'name': 'bob', 'job': 'developer'})
skipping: [node2] => (item={'name': 'sally', 'job': 'manager'}) 
changed: [node1] => (item={'name': 'fred', 'job': 'developer'})
changed: [node2] => (item={'name': 'fred', 'job': 'developer'})

PLAY [create manager user] *************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************************************
ok: [node3]

TASK [create group] ********************************************************************************************
changed: [node3]

TASK [create user in manager] **********************************************************************************
skipping: [node3] => (item={'name': 'bob', 'job': 'developer'}) 
changed: [node3] => (item={'name': 'sally', 'job': 'manager'})
skipping: [node3] => (item={'name': 'fred', 'job': 'developer'}) 

TASK [chage1] **************************************************************************************************
skipping: [node3] => (item={'name': 'bob', 'job': 'developer'}) 
changed: [node3] => (item={'name': 'sally', 'job': 'manager'})
skipping: [node3] => (item={'name': 'fred', 'job': 'developer'}) 

PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************************************
node1                      : ok=4    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node2                      : ok=4    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   
node3                      : ok=4    changed=3    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0