理解@staticmethod||@classmethod||instancemethod in Python

• staticmethod()

  The staticmethod() built-in function returns a static method for a given function.

  The syntax of staticmethod() is :

  staticmethod(function)
  

  Using staticmethod() is considered a un-Pythonic way of creating a static function.

  Hence, in newer versions of Python, you can use the @staticmethod decorator.

  The syntax of @staticmethod is :

  @staticmethod 
  def func(args, ...)
  

• staticmethod() Parameters

  The staticmethod() method takes a single parameter:

  • function - function that needs to be converted to a static method

• Return value from staticmethod()

  The staticmethod() returns a static method for a function passed as the parameter.

• So, what is the static method?

  Static methods, much like class methods, are methods that are bound to a class rather than its object.

  They do not require a class instance creation. So, they are not dependent on the state of the object.

• What is the class methods?

  The classmethod() method returns a class method for the given function.

  The syntax of a classmethod() method is :

  classmethod(function)
  

  or more Pythonic :

  @classmethod
  def func(cls, args, ...)
  

  the classmethod() returns a class method for the given function.

  A class method is a method that is bound to a class rather its object.

  It doesn’t require creation of a class instance, much like staticmethod.

  No matter what , the class method is always attached to a class with first argument as the class itself cls.

  When do you use class method?

  1. Factory methods

     Factory methods are those methods which return a class object( like constructor) for different use cases.

  2. Correct instance creation in inheritance

• Difference between a static method and a class method

  1. Static method knows nothing about the class and just deals with the parameters
  2. Class method works with the class since its parameter is always the class itself

  They can be called both by the class and its object.

  Class.staticmethodFunc()
  or even
  Class().staticmethodFunc()
  

  Much more information refer to : Difference between staticmethod and classmethod

• When do you use static methods

  1. Grouping utility function to a class

     When you need a utility function that doesn’t access any properties of a class but makes sense that it belongs to the class, we use static functions.

     A static method doesn’t need to access any properties of the class.

  2. Having a single implementation

     Static methods are used when we don’t want subclasses of a class change/override a specific implementation of a method.

• References

1. 菜鸟教程
2. 正确理解Python中的 @staticmethod@classmethod方法
3. Programiz : Python staticmethod()
4. Difference between staticmethod and classmethod
5. Real Python : Python’s Instance, Class, and Static Methods Demystified