Python批量爬取各地方房价走势

---

前言

• 为了更好的掌握数据处理的能力，因而开启Python网络爬虫系列小项目文章。小项目小需求驱动，每篇文章会使用两种以上的方式（Xpth、Bs4、PyQuery、正则）获取想要的数据。
• 博客系列完结后，将会总结各种方式。

一、需求

• 批量爬取各城市房价top10涨跌小区
• 记录到.txt中

二、分析

页面数据显示

查看网页源代码

• 网页源代码即可获取数据，通过数据解析方式（Xpath、Bs4、Pyquery即可获取）

三、处理

Xpath处理

# -*- encoding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "nick"
__created_date__ = "2022/10/7"


"""
批量爬取各城市房价走势涨幅top10和跌幅top10
"""

from lxml import etree
import requests


HEADERS = {"user-agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/105.0.0.0 Safari/537.36"}
INDEX = "https://bj.fangjia.com/zoushi"


def process_index(url):
    """
    首页处理
    @param url: url
    @return: 返回首页源代码
    """
    res = requests.request("GET", url=url, headers=HEADERS)
    res.encoding = "utf-8"
    return res.text


def process_city(html):
    """
    各城市首页url获取
    @param html: 源代码
    @return: 返回各城市名和url
    """
    parse = etree.HTML(html)
    text = parse.xpath('//div[@class="tab_content"]/div')
    city_name = []
    city_url = []
    for i in text:
        city_name.extend(i.xpath("./a/text()"))
        city_url.extend(i.xpath("./a/@href"))
    city_info = dict(zip(city_name,city_url))
    return city_info


def process_trend(html):
    """
    各城市小区涨跌top处理
    @param html: 网页源码
    @return: 各城市小区名，房价基本信息
    """
    parse = etree.HTML(html)
    area = parse.xpath('//div[@class="trend trend03"]/div/div//tbody/tr')
    plot_name = []
    info = []
    for tr in area:
        plot_name.extend(tr.xpath("./td/a/text()"))
        plot_info = tr.xpath("./td/text()")
        base_info = ','.join(plot_info)
        info.append(base_info)
    plot_intend = dict(zip(plot_name,info))
    return plot_intend



if __name__ == '__main__':
    index_html = process_index(INDEX)
    city_dict = process_city(index_html)
    # 记录到文件中
    f = open('全国各城市房价小区涨跌top10_by_xpath.txt',"w", encoding="utf-8")
    # 批量获取各城市房价涨跌幅top10
    for city_name, city_url in city_dict.items():
        # 城市首页处理
        city_html = process_index(city_url)
        # 房价涨跌top10
        plot_intend = process_trend(city_html)
        if bool(plot_intend):
            for k,value in plot_intend.items():
                f.write(f"城市{city_name}----小区名--{k}---房价基本信息{value}\n")
                print(f"城市{city_name}----小区名{k}下载完毕....")
        else:
            f.write(f"城市{city_name}无涨幅小区top10\n")
        f.write(f"-------------------城市{city_name}分隔线--------------------------\n")
    f.close()

Pyquery 处理

# -*- encoding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "nick"
__created_date__ = "2022/10/7"


"""
批量爬取各城市房价走势涨幅top10和跌幅top10
"""

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
import requests


HEADERS = {"user-agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/105.0.0.0 Safari/537.36"}
INDEX = "https://bj.fangjia.com/zoushi"


def process_index(url):
    """
    首页处理
    @param url: url
    @return: 返回首页源代码
    """
    res = requests.request("GET", url=url, headers=HEADERS)
    res.encoding = "utf-8"
    return res.text


def process_city(html):
    """
    各城市首页url获取
    @param html: 源代码
    @return: 返回各城市名和url
    """
    doc = pq(html)
    tab = doc(".tab_content")
    a = tab("a")
    city_name = []
    city_url = []
    for info in a.items():
        city_name.append(info.text())
        city_url.append(info.attr("href"))
    city_info = dict(zip(city_name,city_url))
    return city_info


def process_trend(html="https://ak.fangjia.com/zoushi"):
    """
    各城市小区涨跌top处理
    @param html: 网页源码
    @return: 各城市小区名，房价基本信息
    """
    doc = pq(html)
    tab = doc(".trend03")
    plot_name = []
    info = []
    for tr in tab.items():
        for n in tr("tr a").items():
            name = n.text()
            plot_name.append(name)
        for td in tr("tr").items():
            house_info = td("td").text()
            house_info.strip("\n")
            info.append(house_info)
    plot_intend = dict(zip(plot_name,info))
    return plot_intend



if __name__ == '__main__':
    index_html = process_index(INDEX)
    city_dict = process_city(index_html)
    # 记录到文件中
    f = open('全国各城市房价小区涨跌top10_by_pyquery.txt',"w", encoding="utf-8")
    # 批量获取各城市房价涨跌幅top10
    for city_name, city_url in city_dict.items():
        # 城市首页处理
        city_html = process_index(city_url)
        # 房价涨跌top10
        plot_intend = process_trend(city_html)
        if bool(plot_intend):
            for k,value in plot_intend.items():
                f.write(f"城市{city_name}----小区名--{k}---房价基本信息{value}\n")
                print(f"城市{city_name}----小区名{k}下载完毕....")
        else:
            f.write(f"城市{city_name}无涨幅小区top10\n")
        f.write(f"-------------------城市{city_name}分隔线--------------------------\n")
    f.close()

四、运行效果