c++ primer plus第4章编程练习

//  --01.cpp--

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main()
{
    using namespace std;

    string fname;
    string lname;
    cout << "What is your first name? ";
    getline(cin, fname);
    cout << "What is your last name? ";
    getline(cin, lname);
    char grade;
    cout << "What letter grade do you deserve? ";
    cin >>grade;
    int age;
    cout << "What is your age? ";
    cin >> age;
    cout << "Name: " << lname << ", " << fname << endl;
    cout << "Grade: " << (char)(grade + 1) << endl;
    cout << "Age: " << age << endl;
    cin.get();
    cin.get();
    return 0;
}

//  --02.cpp-- 修改程序清单4.4，使用C++ string类而不是char数组

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    string name;
    string dessert;

    cout << "Enter your name:\n";
    getline(cin, name);
    cout << "Enter your favorite dessert:\n";
    getline(cin, dessert);
    cout << "I have some delicious " << dessert;
    cout << " for you, " << name << endl;
    cin.get();
    return 0;
}

//  --03.cpp--
/*
    编写一个程序，它要求用户首先输入其名，然后输入姓；然后程序使用一个逗号和空格将姓和
    名组合起来，并存储和显示组合结果。请使用char数组和头文件cstring中的函数。下面是该
    程序运行的情形：
        Enter your first name: Flip
        Enter your last name: Fleming
        Here's the information in a single string: Fleming, Flip
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    char fname[20];
    char lname[20];
    char full[40];

    cout << "Enter your first name: ";
    cin.get(fname, 20).get();
    cout << "Enter your last name: ";
    cin.get(lname, 20).get();

    strcpy(full, lname);
    strcat(full, ", ");
    strcat(full, fname);
    cout << "Here's the information in a single string: " << full << endl;
    cin.get();
    return 0;
}

//  --04.cpp--
/* 
    编写一个程序，它要求用户首先输入其名，在输入其姓；然后程序使用一个逗号和空格将姓和名
    组合起来，并存储和显示结果。请使用string对象和头文件string中的函数。下面是该程序运行时
    的情形：
        Enter your first name: Flip
        Enter your last name: Fleming
        Here's the information in a single string: Fleming, Flip 
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    string fname;
    string lname;
    string full;

    cout << "Enter your first name: ";
    getline(cin, fname);
    cout << "Enter your last name: ";
    getline(cin, lname);

    full = lname + ", " + fname;
    cout << "Here's the information in a single string: " << full << endl;
    cin.get();

    return 0;
}

//  --05.cpp--
/* 
    结构CandyBar包含3个成员。第一个成员存储了糖块的品牌；第二个成员存储糖块的重量（可以
    有小数）:第三个成员存储了糖块的卡路里含量（整数）。请编写一个程序，声明这个结构，创建一个名为
    snack的CandyBar变量，并将其成员分别初始化为"Mocha Munch"、2.3 和 350。初始化应在声明snack
    时进行。最后，程序显示snack变量的内容。
 */
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

struct CandyBar
{
    string brand;
    float weight;
    int calorie;
};


int main()
{
    CandyBar snack
    {
        "Mocha Munch",
        2.3,
        350
    };
    cout << snack.brand << endl;
    cout << snack.weight << endl;
    cout << snack.calorie << endl;
    cin.get();

    return 0;
}

//  --06.cpp--
/* 
    结构CandyBar包含3个成员，如编程练习5所示。请编写一个程序，创建一个包含3个元素的
    CandyBar数组，并将它们初始化为所选择的值，然后显示每个结构的内容。
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

struct CandyBar
{
    string brand;
    float weight;
    int calorie;
};

int main()
{
    CandyBar candy[3]
    {
        {"hana momo", 2.1, 300},
        {"bobo mi", 1.8, 180},
        {"Gururu", 2.5, 280}
    };
    cout << "The first candy:\n";
    cout << "name: " << candy[0].brand << endl;
    cout << "weight: " << candy[0].weight << endl;
    cout << "calorie: " << candy[0].calorie << endl;

    cout << "The second candy:\n";
    cout << "name: " << candy[1].brand << endl;
    cout << "weight: " << candy[1].weight << endl;
    cout << "calorie: " << candy[1].calorie << endl;

    cout << "The third candy:\n";
    cout << "name: " << candy[2].brand << endl;
    cout << "weight: " << candy[2].weight << endl;
    cout << "calorie: " << candy[2].calorie << endl;
    cin.get();
    return 0;
}

//  --07.cpp--
/* 
    William Wingate从事比萨饼分析服务。对于每个比萨饼，他都需要纪录下列信息：
    ●   披萨饼公司的名称，可以有多个单词组成。
    ●   披萨饼的直径。
    ●   披萨饼的重量。
    请设计一个能够存储这些信息的结构，并编写一个使用这种结构变量的程序。程序将请求用户输入上
    述信息，然后显示这些信息。请使用cin（或它的方法）和cout。
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

struct Pizza{
    string company;
    float diameter;
    float weight;
};

int main()
{
    Pizza info;
    cout << "Enter a pizza company name which you like:";
    getline(cin, info.company);
    cout << "Then enter their pizza's diameter:";
    cin >> info.diameter;
    cout << "Then enter pizza's weight:";
    cin >> info.weight;
    
    cout << "Here is infomation of pizza which you like\n";
    cout << "company: " << info.company << endl;
    cout << "diameter: " << info.diameter << endl;
    cout << "weight: " << info.weight << endl;
    cout << endl;
    system("pause");

    return 0;
}

//  --08.cpp--
/* 
    完成编程练习7，但使用new来为结构分配内存，而不是声明一个结构变量。另外，让程序在请求
    输入披萨饼公司名称之前输入披萨饼的直径。 
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

struct Pizza{
    string company;
    float diameter;
    float weight;
};

int main()
{
    Pizza * ps = new Pizza;
    cout << "Enter a pizza's diameter which you like: ";
    cin >> ps->diameter;
    cin.get();
    cout << "The pizza's company name: ";
    getline(cin, ps->company);
    cout << "The pizza's weight: ";
    cin >> ps->weight;

    cout << "Here is infomation of pizza which you like\n";
    cout << "company: " << ps->company << endl;
    cout << "diameter: " << ps->diameter << endl;
    cout << "weight: " << ps->weight << endl;
    cout << endl;
    delete ps;
    system("pause");

    return 0;
}

//  --09.cpp--  完成编程练习6，但使用new来分配动态数组，而不是声明一个包含3个元素的CandyBar数组。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

struct CandyBar
{
    string brand;
    float weight;
    int calorie;
};

int main()
{
    CandyBar * ps = new CandyBar[3];
    *ps = {"hana momo", 2.1, 300};
    *(ps + 1) = {"bobo mi", 1.8, 180};
    *(ps + 2) = {"Gururu", 2.5, 280};

    for (int i = 0;i < 3; i++)
    {
        cout << "name: " << ps[i].brand << endl;
        cout << "weight: " << ps[i].weight << endl;
        cout << "calorie: " << ps[i].calorie << endl;
    }
    delete [] ps;
    system("pause");

    return 0;
}

//  --10.cpp--  
/*
    编写一个程序，让用户输入三次40码跑的成绩（如果您愿意，也可让用户输入40米跑的成绩），
    并显示次数和平均成绩。请使用一个array对象来存储数据（如果编译器不支持array类，请使用数组）。
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <array>

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    array<double, 3> seconds;
    double sum = 0.0;
    int times;
    cout << "Enter your 40 whatever result for 3 times:\n";
    for (times = 0; times < 3; times++)
    {
        cout << "Time" << times + 1 << ": ";
        cin >> seconds[times];
        sum += seconds[times];
    }
    times = 3;
    double aver;
    aver = sum / times;
    cout << "Your average result in " << times << " times" << "is " << aver << " seconds" << endl;
    system("pause");

    return 0;
}