课设-风速传感器 ESP32+MicroPython

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-21 22:25:23 发布

Walnutkernel

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-21 22:25:23 发布

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文章标签： python 单片机

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Walnutkernel/article/details/131326556

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该文描述了一个使用ESP32微控制器进行风速测量的课程设计项目。通过模拟风速（使用直流电机），ADC读取风杯式风速传感器的电压，然后利用PWM控制电机转速。此外，文章还涉及到使用MicroPython编程实现OLED显示、蓝牙通信以及风速的计算和警告功能。

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传感器课程设计，老师布置做风速传感器。要求测0.5m/s-30m/s的风速，选用风杯式风速传感器，用ESP32片内ADC。关于风嘛，哪里有30m/s的风给我测哦，就拿直流电机模拟一个算了。ESP32读取外接电位器的电压值，用这个电压控制输出PWM波的占空比，送到TB6612电机驱动模块去控制风扇转速。风扇吹动风速传感器，带动内部直流发电机发电，ADC读这个电压，经过标定就知道风速了（模拟的）。

from machine import Pin, PWM, ADC, SoftI2C, Timer
import utime
from font import Font
from sd1306 import SSD1306_I2C, SSD1306
import bluetooth

#OLED部分
i2c = SoftI2C(scl=Pin(2), sda=Pin(1))
display= SSD1306_I2C(128, 32, i2c)
oled=Font(display)

#PWM
PWMOut = PWM(Pin(21)) #LED&驱动电机PWM
PWMOut.freq(1000)
#AD
Uin=ADC(Pin(11))      #电位器AD
Wind=ADC(Pin(10))     #风速传感器AD
Uin.width(ADC.WIDTH_12BIT) #读取的电压转为0-4096；ADC.WIDTH_9BIT：0-511
Uin.atten(ADC.ATTN_11DB)   #衰减设置范围：无衰减
Wind.width(ADC.WIDTH_12BIT) #读取的电压转为0-4096；ADC.WIDTH_9BIT：0-511
Wind.atten(ADC.ATTN_0DB)   #衰减设置范围：无衰减
#Wind_factor = 1.1 / (65535)
Resistor_factor = 3.3 / (65535)

#蓝牙部分
BLE_MSG = ""

class ESP32_BLE():
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.led = Pin(36,Pin.OUT)
        self.timer1 = Timer(0)
        self.name = name
        self.ble = bluetooth.BLE()
        self.ble.active(True)
        self.ble.config(gap_name=name)
        self.disconnected()
        self.ble.irq(self.ble_irq)
        self.register()
        self.advertiser()

    def connected(self):
        self.led.value(0)
        self.timer1.deinit()

    def disconnected(self):
#        self.timer1.init(period=100, mode=Timer.PERIODIC, callback=lambda t: self.led.duty(500))
        self.led.value(1)
    def ble_irq(self, event, data):
        global BLE_MSG
        if event == 1: #_IRQ_CENTRAL_CONNECT 手机链接了此设备
            self.connected()
        elif event == 2: #_IRQ_CENTRAL_DISCONNECT 手机断开此设备
            self.advertiser()
            self.disconnected()
        elif event == 3: #_IRQ_GATTS_WRITE 手机发送了数据 
            buffer = self.ble.gatts_read(self.rx)
            BLE_MSG = buffer.decode('UTF-8').strip()
            
    def register(self):        
        service_uuid = '6E400001-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E'
        reader_uuid = '6E400002-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E'
        sender_uuid = '6E400003-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E'

        services = (
            (
                bluetooth.UUID(service_uuid), 
                (
                    (bluetooth.UUID(sender_uuid), bluetooth.FLAG_NOTIFY), 
                    (bluetooth.UUID(reader_uuid), bluetooth.FLAG_WRITE),
                )
            ), 
        )

        ((self.tx, self.rx,), ) = self.ble.gatts_register_services(services)

    def send(self, data):
        self.ble.gatts_notify(1, self.tx, data + '\n')

    def advertiser(self):
        name = bytes(self.name, 'UTF-8')
        adv_data = bytearray('\x02\x01\x02') + bytearray((len(name) + 1, 0x09)) + name
        self.ble.gap_advertise(100, adv_data)
        print(adv_data)
        print("\r\n")


def calculate_average(numbers):
    if len(numbers) < 3:
        return None  # 返回None表示无法计算平均值

#    numbers = [float(num) for num in numbers.split(",")]
    numbers.remove(max(numbers))
    numbers.remove(min(numbers))

    average = sum(numbers) / len(numbers)
    return average

def Get_list():
    values = []  # 创建一个空列表用于存储值
    for i in range(0,30,1):
        utime.sleep_ms(2)
        ValueWind = Wind.read_u16()  # 风速AD
        Wind_voltage = Wind.read_u16() * 1.1 / 65535
        
        value = float(Wind_voltage)
        values.append(value)
    return values #返回包含30个风速电压值的列表

def Wind_Speed():
    Number_List=Get_list()
    Vaverage=calculate_average(Number_List)
    if Vaverage >= 0.01 and  Vaverage <= 0.096:   #1
        WSpeed=37.02*Vaverage+0.3089
    elif Vaverage > 0.096 and Vaverage <= 0.166:  #2
        WSpeed=99.98*Vaverage-5.446
    elif Vaverage > 0.166 and Vaverage <= 0.175:  #3
        WSpeed=42.41*Vaverage+4.529
    elif Vaverage > 0.175 and Vaverage <= 0.208:  #4
        WSpeed=154.5*Vaverage-14.23
    elif Vaverage > 0.208 and Vaverage <= 0.255:  #5
        WSpeed=151.5*Vaverage-14.27
    elif Vaverage > 0.255:                        #6
        WSpeed=269.1*Vaverage-42.47
    else:
        WSpeed=0
    return WSpeed

ble = ESP32_BLE("ESP32S3_WindSpeed")
led = Pin(36)

warning_counter=0
while True:
    Number_List=Get_list()
    Vaverage=calculate_average(Number_List) #风速传感器输出平均电压
    VGet=Wind_Speed()
    for i in range(0,1000,1):
        utime.sleep_ms(1)
        ValueResistor=Uin.read_u16()    #读电位器
        PWMOut.duty_u16(ValueResistor)  #输出给风扇
        Ur=ValueResistor*Resistor_factor#电位器电压
        VDisplay=round(VGet,2)          
        if BLE_MSG == 'Getwindspeed': #手机蓝牙发送的信息
            BLE_MSG = ""              #Message清空
            ble.send(str(VDisplay))        #发送风速到手机蓝牙
        if i==999:
            if VDisplay == 0:    
                oled.text('0.000', 0, 5, 24)
                oled.text('m/s', 80, 5, 24)
                oled.show()
            else:
                if VDisplay >=30:    
                    warning_counter += 1
                    if warning_counter >= 5:
                        ble.send('Warning')
                        warning_counter = 0 
                else:
                    warning_counter = 0
                oled.text('{:.3f}'.format(VDisplay), 0, 5, 24)
                oled.text('m/s', 80, 5, 24)
                oled.show()
                print("电位器电压:{:.3f}V,传感器电压:{:.3f}V".format(Ur, Vaverage))  # Convert Ur and Vaverage to strings with 3 decimal places

OLED部分，用了大字体的程序，参考自oled屏自定义大小字体 micropython 使用 - 哔哩哔哩

在此谢谢大佬。