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一、实验要求
1、R4为ISP，其上只能配置IP地址；R4与其他所有直连设备间均使用公有IP。
2、R3、R5、R6、R7为MGRE环境，R3为中心站点。
3、整个OSPF环境IP地址基于172.16.0.0/16划分。
4、减少LSA的更新量，加快收敛，保证更新安全。
5、全网可达。

2、需求分析
(1)划分网段、配置ip
172.16.0.0/16：大概划分八个区域，剩下的两个区域拿来当做备用区域
区域0---- 172.16.0.0/19
172.16.0.0/24-----P2P的骨干
172.16.0.0/30
172.16.0.4/30
172.16.0.8/30
…
172.16.0.63/30
172.16.1.0/24----MA的骨干
172.16.1.0/29
172.168.1.8/29
172.16.1.16/29
…
172.16.2.0/24----用户网段
…
172.16.31.0/24
区域1---- 172.16.32.0/19
172.16.32.0/24-----P2P的骨干
172.16.32.0/30
172.16.32.4/30
172.16.32.8/30
172.16.33.0/24----MA的骨干
172.16.33.0/29
172.16.33.8/29
172.16.33.16/29
172.16.34.0/24
…
172.16.63.0/24
区域2---- 172.16.64.0/19
区域3---- 172.16.96.0/19
区域4---- 172.16.128.0/19
RIP区域---- 172.16.160.0/19
备用区域：
172.16.192.0/19
172.16.224.0/19
(2)搭建MGRE环境
(3)减少LSA的更新量（进行汇总和做特殊区域）
(4)加快收敛（可以修改hello时间，死亡时间随hello时间变化而变化）
(5)配置NAT环境，完成所有设备访问R4环回
(6)保障更新安全，全网可达（区域认证）
3、配置
(1)划分网段、配置ip
R1
[r1]int g 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.1 29
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.34.1 24
R2
[r2]int g 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.2 29
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.35.1 24
R3
[r3]int Serial 4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.1 24
[r3-Serial4/0/0]q
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2
R4
[isp]int Serial 4/0/0
[isp-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.2 24
[isp-Serial4/0/0]int Serial 4/0/1
[isp-Serial4/0/1]ip address 54.0.0.2 24
[isp-Serial4/0/1]int Serial 3/0/0
[isp-Serial3/0/0]ip address 64.0.0.2 24
[isp-Serial3/0/0]int g 0/0/0
[isp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 74.0.0.2 24
R5
[r5]int Serial 4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]ip address 54.0.0.1 24
[r5-Serial4/0/0]q
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 54.0.0.2
R6
[r6]int Serial 4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]ip address 64.0.0.1 24
[r6-Serial4/0/0]int g 0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.1 29
[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 64.0.0.2
R7
[r7]int g 0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 74.0.0.1 24
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.97.1 29
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 74.0.0.2
R8
[r8]int g 0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.2 29
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.98.1 24
[r8-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.97.3 29
R9
[r9]int g 0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.4 29
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.129.1 29
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r9-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.130.1 24
R10
[r10]int g 0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.129.2 29
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r10-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.131.1 24
R11
[r11]int g 0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.2 29
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r11-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.66.1 24
[r11-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.65.3 29
R12
[r12]int g 0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.4 29
[r12-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r12-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.176.1 20
[r12-LoopBack1]int lo0
[r12-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.160.1 20
(2)搭建MGRE环境
R3
[r3]int t 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.1 29
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.1
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
R5
[r5]int t 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.2 29
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[r5]int lo0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.2.1 24
R6
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.3 29
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[r6]int lo0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.3.1 24
R7
[r7]int t 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.4 29
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]source g 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
[r7-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.4.1 24
(3)启动OSPF协议和RIP协议
R1
[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q
R2
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q
R3
[r3]ospf 1 ro
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.33.3 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.36.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 34.0.0.1 0.0.0.0
[r3]int t 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
R5
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]a 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]int t 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
R6
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]int t 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
R7
[r7]ospf 1 ro
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]area 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 74.0.0.1 0.0.0.0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.4.1 0.0.0.0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.4 0.0.0.0
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]int t 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
R8
[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.2 0.0.0.0
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.9 0.0.0.0
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.98.1 0.0.0.0
R9
[r9]ospf 1 ro
[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]area 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]172.16.97.10 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.10 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-1]area 4
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.129.1 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.130.1 0.0.0.0
R10
[r10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-1]area 4
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.129.2 0.0.0.0
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.131.1 0.0.0.0
R11
[r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-1]area 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.2 0.0.0.0
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.9 0.0.0.0
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.66.1 0.0.0.0
R12
[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]area 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.10 0.0.0.0
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
RIP
[r12]rip
[r12-rip-1]v 2
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
删除区域4，重新创建OSPF2区域
[r9]ospf 2 router-id 19.19.19.19
[r9-ospf-2]area 4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.130.1 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.129.1 0.0.0.0
重发布ospf2
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
(3)减少LSA的更新量（进行汇总和做特殊区域）
域间路由汇总：
R3
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
[r3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 19 NULL 0
R6
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
[r6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0
R7
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0
R9
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
[r9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 19 NULL 0
R12
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
[r9]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 19 NULL 0
区域1配置完全末梢区域：
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
区域2 ：
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[r11-ospf-1]area 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
[r12-ospf-1]area 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
区域3：
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[r8-ospf-1]area 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
[r9-ospf-1]area 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
在R9上配置一条缺省路由,使可以全网可达
[r9]os
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise
(4)加快收敛（可以修改hello时间，死亡时间随hello时间变化而变化）
[r3]int t 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
[r5]int t 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]
[r6]int t 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
[r7]int t 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
(5)配置NAT环境，完成所有设备访问R4环回
在R3、R6、R7上做NAT端口映射
[r3]acl 2000
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255----R4环回的地址
[r3]int s 4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[r6]acl 2000
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6-acl-basic-2000]int s 4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[r7]acl 2000
[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7]int g 0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
(6)保障更新安全，全网可达（区域认证）
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
4、验证
查看MGRE环境



结果截图：