Android Fragment的使用 《第一行代码》

一.静态Fragment

1.定义Fragment的布局文件

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="#000000">

    <TextView
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:text="This is headlines fragment"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

2.创建对应布局文件的Fragment类

对与Fragment类的布局文件的加载需要使用动态加载LayoutInflater.inflater()

获取LayoutInflater实例的三种方式
1.LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater();在Activity中获取实例对象
2.LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService
(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
3.LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);

public class HeadlinesFragment extends Fragment {

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_headlines, container, false);
    }

}

定义显示Fragment的Activity的布局文件

在布局文件中需要添加Fragment的位置添加

<fragment
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:name="定义的Fragment对应类"
        android:id="@+id/article_fragment"/>

定义显示Activity的类

public class FragmentActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_fragment);
    }
}

二.动态Fragment

1.定义需要动态添加的Fragment布局文件

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="#ffff00">

    <TextView
        android:text="This is another fragment"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

2.定义需要动态添加的Fragment类

public class anotherFragment extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_another, container, false);
    }
}

3.Activity的布局文件中添加Fragment容器

<FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/right_layout"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
        <fragment
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:name="com.example.myfirst.myfirst.HeadlinesFragment"
            android:id="@+id/headlines_fragment"/>
    </FrameLayout>

4.获取FragmentManager

在活动中可以直接获取FragmentManager对象

FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();

5.开启一个事务，通过调用beginTransaction（）方法开启

FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager
.beginTransaction();

6.调用替换的方法

传入的两个参数，第一个是放置Fragmnet的容器的id，第二个参数是新的Fragment对象的实例对象

transaction.replace(R.id.right_layout,fragment);

7.提交事务

transaction.commit();

所有代码

fragment_article.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:text="Button"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

ArticleFragment.java

public class ArticleFragment extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_article, container, false);
    }
}

fragment_headlines.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="#000000">

    <TextView
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:text="This is headlines fragment"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

HeadlinesFragment.java

public class HeadlinesFragment extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_headlines, container, false);
    }
}

another_fragment.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="#ffff00">

    <TextView
        android:text="This is another fragment"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

anotherFragment.java

public class anotherFragment extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_another, container, false);
    }
}

activity_fragment.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
    <fragment
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:name="com.example.myfirst.myfirst.ArticleFragment"
        android:id="@+id/article_fragment"/>
    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/right_layout"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
        <fragment
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:name="com.example.myfirst.myfirst.HeadlinesFragment"
            android:id="@+id/headlines_fragment"/>
    </FrameLayout>


</LinearLayout>

FragmentActivity.java

public class FragmentActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_fragment);
        Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
        button.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v){
        switch (v.getId()){
            case R.id.button:
                anotherFragment fragment = new anotherFragment();
                FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
                FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
                transaction.replace(R.id.right_layout,fragment);
                //使按下back键可以返回到上一个碎片
                transaction.addToBackStack(null);
                transaction.commit();
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

以上是对Fragment学习的记录。