文件存在文件系统中,会有一个标识inode号,基于这个标识找到了structinode结构体(保存
当前文件信息),structinode结构体中有一个structcdevxcdev类型的字符设备指针,这个指
针指向当前驱动对象structcdev结构体(字符设备驱动对象结构体)(设备号是驱动存在内核的标
识,也是设备驱动和设备文件关联的纽带),而这个结构体存放有structfile_operations*ops操作
方法结构体指针;接着基于这个structfile_operations*ops操作方法结构体指针,找到了操作方法
mycdev_open()、mycdev_read(、mycdev_write()、mycdev_close(;操作方法回调到
mycdev_open(用户层)
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include "led.h"
struct cdev *cdev;
unsigned int major = 0;
unsigned int minor = 0;
dev_t devno;
struct class *cls;
struct device *dev;
gpio_t *vir_led1;
gpio_t *vir_led2;
gpio_t *vir_led3;
unsigned int *vir_rcc;
unsigned int i;
int myled_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
printk("%s:%s:%d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
return 0;
}
long myled_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
int which;
switch (cmd)
{
case LED_ON:
switch (which)
{
case 1:
vir_led1->ODR |= (1 << 10);
break;
case 2:
vir_led2->ODR |= (1 << 10);
break;
case 3:
vir_led3->ODR |= (1 << 8);
break;
default:
printk("输入错误,请重新输入\n");
break;
}
case LED_OFF:
switch (which)
{
case 1:
vir_led1->ODR &= (~(1 << 10));
break;
case 2:
vir_led2->ODR &= (~(1 << 10));
break;
case 3:
vir_led3->ODR &= (~(1 << 8));
break;
default:
printk("输入错误,请重新输入\n");
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
int myled_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
printk("%s:%s:%d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
return 0;
}
// 定义操作方法结构体变量并赋值
struct file_operations fops = {
.open = myled_open,
.unlocked_ioctl = myled_ioctl,
.release = myled_close,
};
int all_led_init(void)
{
// 寄存器地址的映射
vir_led1 = ioremap(PHY_LED1_ADDR, sizeof(gpio_t));
if (vir_led1 == NULL)
{
printk("ioremap filed:%d\n", __LINE__);
return -ENOMEM;
}
vir_led2 = ioremap(PHY_LED2_ADDR, sizeof(gpio_t));
if (vir_led2 == NULL)
{
printk("ioremap filed:%d\n", __LINE__);
return -ENOMEM;
}
vir_led3 = vir_led1;
vir_rcc = ioremap(PHY_RCC_ADDR, 4);
if (vir_rcc == NULL)
{
printk("ioremap filed:%d\n", __LINE__);
return -ENOMEM;
}
printk("物理地址映射成功\n");
// 寄存器的初始化
// rcc
(*vir_rcc) |= (3 << 4);
// led1
vir_led1->MODER &= (~(3 << 20));
vir_led1->MODER |= (1 << 20);
vir_led1->ODR &= (~(1 << 10));
// led2
vir_led2->MODER &= (~(3 << 20));
vir_led2->MODER |= (1 << 20);
vir_led2->ODR &= (~(1 << 10));
// led3
vir_led3->MODER &= (~(3 << 16));
vir_led3->MODER |= (1 << 16);
vir_led3->ODR &= (~(1 << 8));
printk("寄存器初始化成功\n");
return 0;
}
static int __init myled_init(void)
{
int ret;
// 1.分配对象空间
cdev = cdev_alloc();
if (cdev == NULL)
{
printk("分配字符设备驱动对象失败\n");
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto OUT1;
}
printk("分配对象空间成功\n");
// 2.初始化对象
cdev_init(cdev, &fops);
// 3.申请设备号
if (major > 0) // 静态指定设备号
{
ret = register_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major, minor), 3, "myled");
if (ret)
{
printk("静态指定设备号失败\n");
goto OUT2;
}
}
else if (major == 0) // 动态申请设备号
{
ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, minor, 3, "myled");
if (ret)
{
printk("动态申请设备号失败\n");
goto OUT2;
}
// 获取主设备号和次设备号
major = MAJOR(devno);
minor = MINOR(devno);
}
printk("申请设备号成功\n");
// 4.注册字符设备驱动对象
ret = cdev_add(cdev, MKDEV(major, minor), 3);
if (ret)
{
printk("注册字符设备驱动对象失败\n");
goto OUT3;
}
printk("注册字符设备驱动对象成功\n");
// 向上提交目录
cls = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "myled");
if (IS_ERR(cls))
{
printk("向上提交目录失败\n");
ret = -PTR_ERR(cls);
goto OUT4;
}
printk("向上提交目录成功\n");
// 向上提交设备节点信息
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
dev = device_create(cls, NULL, MKDEV(major, i), NULL, "myled%d", i);
if (IS_ERR(dev))
{
ret = -PTR_ERR(dev);
goto OUT5;
}
}
printk("向上提交设备节点成功\n");
// 完成硬件寄存器地址的映射以及初始化
// 寄存器映射以及初始化
all_led_init();
return 0;
OUT5:
// 释放已经申请的设备节点信息
for (--i; i >= 0; i--)
{
device_destroy(cls, MKDEV(major, i));
}
// 释放目录空间
class_destroy(cls);
OUT4:
// 注销字符设备驱动对象
cdev_del(cdev);
OUT3:
// 释放设备号
unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major, minor), 3);
OUT2:
// 释放对象空间
kfree(cdev);
OUT1:
return ret;
}
static void __exit myled_exit(void)
{
// 取消地址映射
iounmap(vir_led1);
iounmap(vir_led2);
iounmap(vir_led3);
iounmap(vir_rcc);
// 销毁设备节点
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
device_destroy(cls, MKDEV(major, i));
}
// 释放目录空间
class_destroy(cls);
// 1.注销字符设备驱动对象
cdev_del(cdev);
// 2.释放设备号
unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major, minor), 3);
// 3.释放对象空间
kfree(cdev);
}
module_init(myled_init);
module_exit(myled_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");