02.Rocky8安装KVM

02.Rocky8安装KVM

1. 检查是否支持虚拟化

1.1 查看是否支持虚拟化

grep -Em 1 "vmx|svm" /proc/cpuinfo

命令执行结果：

[root@rocky8 ~]# grep -Em 1 "vmx|svm" /proc/cpuinfo
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon rep_good nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc cpuid pni pclmulqdq vmx ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault invpcid_single ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp ibrs_enhanced tpr_shadow vnmi ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap avx512ifma clflushopt clwb avx512cd sha_ni avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves arat avx512vbmi umip pku ospke avx512_vbmi2 gfni vaes vpclmulqdq avx512_vnni avx512_bitalg avx512_vpopcntdq rdpid movdiri movdir64b fsrm avx512_vp2intersect md_clear flush_l1d arch_capabilities
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon rep_good nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc cpuid pni pclmulqdq vmx ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault invpcid_single ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp ibrs_enhanced tpr_shadow vnmi ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap avx512ifma clflushopt clwb avx512cd sha_ni avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves arat avx512vbmi umip pku ospke avx512_vbmi2 gfni vaes vpclmulqdq avx512_vnni avx512_bitalg avx512_vpopcntdq rdpid movdiri movdir64b fsrm avx512_vp2intersect md_clear flush_l1d arch_capabilities

1.2 查看KVM 驱动是否加载

lsmod | grep kvm
ll /dev/kvm

命令执行结果：

[root@rocky8 ~]# lsmod | grep kvm
kvm_intel             339968  0
kvm                   905216  1 kvm_intel
irqbypass              16384  1 kvm

[root@rocky8 ~]# ll /dev/kvm
crw-rw-rw-. 1 root kvm 10, 232 Nov 15 00:35 /dev/kvm

如果没有加载kvm驱动，利用命令加载驱动

modprobe -a kvm
modprobe -a kvm_intel

2. 安装 kvm

#libvirt 用来管理kvm

#解决字符集问题(CRT会出现)
#yum install dejavu-lgc-sans-fonts

#安装virt-manager工具
#yum install -y virt-manager

2.1 安装包

yum -y install qemu-kvm  libvirt   virt-manager virt-install  virt-viewer

2.2 检查是否安装包都存在

rpm -q qemu-kvm  libvirt virt-manager virt-install  virt-viewer

命令执行结果：

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -q qemu-kvm  libvirt virt-manager virt-install  virt-viewer
qemu-kvm-6.2.0-11.module+el8.6.0+1052+ff61d164.6.x86_64
libvirt-8.0.0-5.5.module+el8.6.0+1052+ff61d164.x86_64
virt-manager-3.2.0-4.el8.noarch
virt-install-3.2.0-4.el8.noarch
virt-viewer-9.0-12.el8.x86_64

2.3 启动libvirtd服务

systemctl start --now libvirtd

注:#启动失败报错
Failed to restart libvirtd.service: Unit libvirtd.service not found.
我遇到的这个报错，后来才发现libvirt 这个没安装上，所以检查一下安装包是不是都安装了

2.4 检查libvirtd服务状态

running代表启动成功

systemctl status libvirtd

命令执行结果：

[root@rocky8 ~]# systemctl status libvirtd
● libvirtd.service - Virtualization daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2022-11-15 01:34:37 EST; 46s ago
     Docs: man:libvirtd(8)
           https://libvirt.org
 Main PID: 29061 (libvirtd)
    Tasks: 21 (limit: 32768)
   Memory: 25.2M
   CGroup: /system.slice/libvirtd.service
           ├─29061 /usr/sbin/libvirtd --timeout 120
           ├─29165 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshelper
           └─29166 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshelper

3. 基于Web的虚拟机管理方式

3.1 安装包

yum -y install cockpit 
yum -y install cockpit-machines

3.2 检查安装包

rpm -q cockpit cockpit-machines

命令执行结果：

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -q cockpit cockpit-machines
cockpit-264.2-1.el8_6.x86_64
cockpit-machines-264.1-1.el8.noarch

3.3 启动cockpit.socket服务

systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket

#打开浏览器，访问以下地址：
https://centos8主机:9090

我的主机ip 10.0.0.152
https://10.0.0.152:9090/
登录root用户

登录成功如图所示：

4. 图形化工具 virt-manager

4.1打开Xmanager

查看Xmanager

终端执行

export DISPLAY=10.0.0.1:0.0
virt-manager

执行结果：

4.2 将镜像文件上传到rocky8上

用的是xshell的xftp(需要安装xftp7)

选定镜像文件拖到rocky8里就行，
拖动之前，在rocky8里创建个新文件夹(不创建也许)

cd /
mkdir isos