继承的基本概念

类与类之间的关系

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class A
{
public:
    void func() {
        cout << "funcA" << endl;
    }
    int a;
};

//类B拥有类A 的成员变量，B has A，即类B依赖于类A
class B
{
public:
    void funcB()
    {

    }
    A a;
};
//耦合度：高内聚 低耦合  ，程序员追求的最高境界设计模式

//类C的成员  需要类A的形参， 类C use A  ，耦合度低一些
class C
{
public:
    void funcC(A *a)
    {

    }

};

//类D继承A，即类D is A，耦合度高
class D :public A
{
public:
    void funcD()
    {
        cout << a << endl;//直接打印继承过来的a
    }

};

int main()
{

    cout << "" << endl;
    return 0;
}

继承的基本概念

#include<iostream>
#include<string> //string.h 是C语言的的字符串头文件
using namespace std;

class Student
{
public:
    Student(int id,string name)
    {
        this->id = id;
        this->name = name;
    }
    void printS()
    {
        cout << "id = " << this->id << ", name = " << this->name << endl;
    }

private:
    int id;
    string name;
};

//创建一个新的学生类，增加score功能
class Student2
{
public: 
    Student2(int id,string name,int score)
    {
        this->id = id;
        this->name = name;
        this->score = score;
    }

    void printS()
    {
        cout << "id = " << this->id << ", name = " << this->name << endl;
        cout << "score = " << this->score << endl;


    }
private:
    int id;
    string name;
    int score;//新add
};
//通过继承创建一个新的学生类
class Student3 :public Student 
{
public:
    Student3(int id,string name,int score) :Student(id,name)//通过父类来初始化
    {//在使用子类构造是，编译器会默认调用父类构造（不写就默认调用无参的父类构造）
        this->score = score;
    }
    void printS()
    {
        Student::printS();
        cout << "score = " << this->score << endl;
    }
private:
    int score;
};

int main()
{

    Student3 s3(1,"fyy",100);
    s3.printS();
    return 0;
}

总结：

耦合度：高内聚 低耦合 ，程序员追求的最高境界设计模式

在使用子类构造是，编译器会默认调用父类构造（不写就默认调用无参的父类构造）