御神楽的学习记录之UDP编程基础

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前言

计算机网络以资源共享为目的，其主要功能是相互通信和交流信息。计算机网络最大的特点是通过不同的通信介质把不同厂家、不同操作系统的计算机和其他相关设备（例如打印机、嵌入式信息终端、手机等）连接在一起，打破地域空间的界限，低成本、灵活方便地共享硬件资源和进行信息传输。

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一、Socket介绍

1.Socket

Socket的英文原义是"孔"或"插座"。作为BSD UNIX的进程通信机制，取后一种意思。通常也称作"套接字"，用于描述IP地址和端口，是一个通信链的句柄，可以用来实现不同虚拟机或不同计算机之间的通信。在Internet上的主机一般运行了多个服务软件，同时提供几种服务。每种服务都打开一个Socket，并绑定到一个端口上，不同的端口对应于不同的服务。

2.Socket编程流程

socket编程的总体流程如下图所示。 服务器端先初始化Socket，然后与端口绑定(bind)，对端口进
行监听(listen)，调用accept阻塞，等待客户端连接。在这时如果有个客户端初始化一个Socket，然后连
接服务器(connect)，如果连接成功，这时客户端与服务器端的连接就建立了。客户端发送数据请求，服
务器端接收请求并处理请求，然后把回应数据发送给客户端，客户端读取数据，最后关闭连接，一次交
互结束。

二、C#控制台UDP 套接字发送信息

1.服务端代码

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

namespace UDPSockethell
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int recv;
            byte[] data = new byte[1024];

            //得到本机IP，设置TCP端口号         
            IPEndPoint ip = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 8001);
            Socket newsock = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);

            //绑定网络地址
            newsock.Bind(ip);

            Console.WriteLine("This is a Server, host name is {0}", Dns.GetHostName());

            //等待客户机连接
            Console.WriteLine("Waiting for a client");

            //得到客户机IP
            IPEndPoint sender = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
            EndPoint Remote = (EndPoint)(sender);
            recv = newsock.ReceiveFrom(data, ref Remote);
            Console.WriteLine("Message received from {0}: ", Remote.ToString());
            Console.WriteLine(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data, 0, recv));

            //客户机连接成功后，发送信息
            string welcome = "你好 ! ";

            //字符串与字节数组相互转换
            data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(welcome);

            //发送信息
            newsock.SendTo(data, data.Length, SocketFlags.None, Remote);
            while (true)
            {
                data = new byte[1024];
                //接收信息
                recv = newsock.ReceiveFrom(data, ref Remote);
                Console.WriteLine(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data, 0, recv));
                //newsock.SendTo(data, recv, SocketFlags.None, Remote);
            }
        }
    }
}

2.服务端代码

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

namespace UDPSocketClit
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            byte[] data = new byte[1024];
            string input, stringData;

            //构建TCP 服务器
            Console.WriteLine("This is a Client, host name is {0}", Dns.GetHostName());

            //设置服务IP（这个IP地址是服务器的IP），设置TCP端口号
            IPEndPoint ip = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("10.61.37.148"), 8001);

            //定义网络类型，数据连接类型和网络协议UDP
            Socket server = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);

            string welcome = "你好! ";
            data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(welcome);
            server.SendTo(data, data.Length, SocketFlags.None, ip);
            IPEndPoint sender = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
            EndPoint Remote = (EndPoint)sender;

            data = new byte[1024];
            //对于不存在的IP地址，加入此行代码后，可以在指定时间内解除阻塞模式限制
            int recv = server.ReceiveFrom(data, ref Remote);
            Console.WriteLine("Message received from {0}: ", Remote.ToString());
            Console.WriteLine(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data, 0, recv));
            int i = 0;
            while (true)
            {
                string s = "hello cqjtu!重交物联2019级" + i;
                Console.WriteLine(s);
                server.SendTo(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s), Remote);
                if (i == 50)
                {
                    break;
                }
                i++;
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Stopping Client.");
            server.Close();
        }
    }
}

服务端接收信息：

客户端发送信息：

三、C#窗口UDP 套接字发送信息

1.服务端代码

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

namespace serverformapp
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            
            try
            {
               
                
                



                    //点击开始侦听的时候，服务器创建一个负责监听IP地址跟端口号的Socket
                    Socket socketwatch = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
                    IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Any;
                    //创建端口对象
                    IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, 8001);
                    //绑定
                    socketwatch.Bind(point);
                    Console.WriteLine("监听成功！");
                    socketwatch.Listen(10);
                    //等待客户端的连接
                    Socket socketSend1;
                    socketSend1 = socketwatch.Accept();
                    Console.WriteLine(socketSend1.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + ":" + "连接成功！");
                    //创建一个线程


                    while (true)
                    {
                        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2];
                        int r = socketSend1.Receive(buffer);
                        string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, r);
                        Console.WriteLine(socketSend1.RemoteEndPoint + ":" + str);
                        if (str == "q") { break; }//当输入信息为q时退出接收
                    }

                


            }
            catch (System.Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("监听失败！"+ ex.Message);
            }
        }
            
           


        }
 }

2.客户端代码

客户端界面如下：

客户端代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WindowsFormsclit
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            socketSend = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
            IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("10.61.37.148"), 8001);
            socketSend.Connect(point);
            showMsg("连接成功!");
            Thread th = new Thread(Receive);
            th.IsBackground = true;
            th.Start();

        }
        Socket socketSend;

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string str = text.Text;
            byte[] buffer = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str);
            socketSend.Send(buffer);
        }
        //客户端接收服务器发送的消息
        void Receive()
        {
            try
            {
                while (true)
                {
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2];
                    int r = socketSend.Receive(buffer);
                    if (r == 0)
                    {
                        break;
                    }
                    string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, r);
                    showMsg(socketSend.RemoteEndPoint + ":" + str);
                }
            }
            catch
            { }
        }
        void showMsg(string s)
        {
            listbox.Items.Add(s + "\r\n");
        }

        private void text_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            
        }
    }
}

3.运行效果

1、服务端

2、等待服务器连接，此时打开客户端

服务端与客户端均提示连接成功
3、客户端发送消息

发送成功

四、wireshark抓取信息

1.设置抓取的端口

本地搭建的服务端一般都在接口
服务端接受的消息

2.wireshark抓取内容

五、端口扫描器程序

1.单线程

1、界面设计

2、程序代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace portscansolo
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        //自定义变量
        private int port;//记录当前扫描的端口号
        private string Address;//记录扫描的系统地址
        private bool[] done = new bool[65536];//记录端口的开放状态
        private int start;//记录扫描的起始端口
        private int end;//记录扫描的结束端口
        private bool OK;
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
         
            progressBar1.Minimum = Int32.Parse(textBox2.Text);
            progressBar1.Maximum = Int32.Parse(textBox3.Text);
            listBox1.Items.Clear();
            listBox1.Items.Add("单线程端口扫描器");
            listBox1.Items.Add("");
            PortScan();

        }
        private void PortScan()
        {
            start = Int32.Parse(textBox2.Text);
            end = Int32.Parse(textBox3.Text);
            //判断输入端口是否合法
            if ((start >= 0 && start <= 65536) && (end >= 0 && end <= 65536) && (start <= end))
            {
                listBox1.Items.Add("开始扫描：这个过程可能需要等待几分钟！");
                Address = textBox1.Text;
                for (int i = start; i <= end; i++)
                {
                    port = i;
                    Scan();
                    progressBar1.Value = i;
                }
                while (!OK)
                {
                    OK = true;
                    for (int i = start; i <= end; i++)
                    {
                        if (!done[i])
                        {
                            OK = false;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                listBox1.Items.Add("扫描结束！");
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("输入错误，端口范围为[0,65536]");
            }
            
            

        }
        //连接端口
        private void Scan()
        {
            int portnow = port;
            done[portnow] = true;
            TcpClient objTCP = null;
            try
            {
                objTCP = new TcpClient(Address, portnow);
                listBox1.Items.Add("端口" + portnow.ToString() + "开放");
            }
            catch
            {

            }

        }
    }
}

3、效果展示

单线程扫描十分缓慢、一般采用多线程

2.多线程

1、界面设计

2、程序代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace portscan
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;//采用忽略对跨线程调用的检测
        }
        private int port;//记录当前扫描的端口号
        private string Address;//记录扫描的系统地址
        private bool[] done = new bool[65536];//记录端口的开放状态
        private int start;//记录扫描的起始端口
        private int end;//记录扫描的结束端口
        private bool OK;
        private Thread scanThread;

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //创建线程，并创建ThreadStart委托对象
            Thread procss = new Thread(new ThreadStart(PortScan));
            procss.Start();
            //显示端口扫描范围
            progressBar1.Minimum = Int32.Parse(textBox2.Text);
            progressBar1.Maximum = Int32.Parse(textBox3.Text);
            //显示框的初始化
            listBox1.Items.Clear();
            listBox1.Items.Add("御神楽端口扫描器");
            listBox1.Items.Add("");
        }
        private void PortScan()
        {
            start = Int32.Parse(textBox2.Text);
            end = Int32.Parse(textBox3.Text);
            //检查端口的合法性
            if ((start >= 0 && start <= 65536) && (end >= 0 && end <= 65536) && (start <= end))
            {
                listBox1.Items.Add("开始扫描：这个过程可能需要等待几分钟！");
                Address = textBox1.Text;
                for (int i = start; i <= end; i++)
                {
                    port = i;
                    //对该端口进行扫描的线程
                    scanThread = new Thread(Scan);
                    scanThread.Start();
                    //使线程睡眠
                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100);
                    progressBar1.Value = i;
                }
                //未完成时情况
                while (!OK)
                {
                    OK = true;
                    for (int i = start; i <= end; i++)
                    {
                        if (!done[i])
                        {
                            OK = false;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                listBox1.Items.Add("扫描完成！");
                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("输入错误，请输入正确的端口范围[0,65536]");
            }

        }
        private void Scan()
        {
            int portnow = port;
            //创建线程变量
            Thread Threadnow = scanThread;
            done[portnow] = true;
            //创建TcpClient对象，TcpClient用于TCP网络服务提供客户端连接
            TcpClient objTCP = null;
            //扫描端口，成功就写入信息
            try
            {
                objTCP = new TcpClient(Address, portnow);
                listBox1.Items.Add("端口" + portnow.ToString() + "已开放！");
            }
            catch
            {

            }
        }
        

    }
}

3、效果展示

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参考

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43279579/article/details/109686607
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43279579/article/details/109325176