使用ctypes实现python调用C++代码

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  举个例子

1.1 基础C++代码

  calculate.h

#pragma once
#include <windows.h>

double add(double a, double b);
double subtract(double a, double b);
double multiply(double a, double b);
double divide(double a, double b);

  calculate.cpp

#include "calculate.h"

double add(double a, double b) {
	return a + b;
}

double subtract(double a, double b) {
	return a - b;
}

double multiply(double a, double b) {
	return a * b;
}

double divide(double a, double b) {
	return a / b;
}

1.2 需要做的操作

1.2.1 添加 dll.h

#pragma once
#ifndef DLL_H_
#define DLL_H_
extern "C" _declspec(dllexport) int testAdd(double a, double b);
extern "C" _declspec(dllexport) int testSubtract(double a, double b);
extern "C" _declspec(dllexport) int testMultiply(double a, double b);
extern "C" _declspec(dllexport) int testDivide(double a, double b);
#endif

查看关于extern “C” _declspec(dllexport)的解释点这里，不想看得直接替换自己的方法即可。

1.2.2 添加 dll.cpp

//dll.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#include "calculate.h"

extern "C" _declspec(dllexport)int testAdd(double a, double b)
{
	double r = add(a, b);
	return r;
}

extern "C" _declspec(dllexport)int testSubtract(double a, double b)
{
	double r = subtract(a, b);
	return r;
}

extern "C" _declspec(dllexport)int testMultiply(double a, double b)
{
	double r = multiply(a, b);
	return r;
}

extern "C" _declspec(dllexport)int testDivide(double a, double b)
{
	double r = divide(a, b);
	return r;
}

1.2.3 修改配置动态库

看图操作

1.2.3 生成解决方案

输出里会打印dll输出路径

1.2.3 查找依赖库

输入命令： dumpbin /dependents dll文件所在路径（执行上一步会在输出框里打印dll文件所在路径）

从C:\Windows\System32目录下找这些依赖的dll文件，复制到dll文件所在目录下。

1.3 python调用测试

使用ctypes 调用c++代码

from ctypes import CDLL, wintypes

dll = CDLL('dll所在路径')
# 参数类型
dll.testAdd.argtypes = [wintypes.DOUBLE, wintypes.DOUBLE]
# 返回值类型
dll.testAdd.restype = wintypes.DOUBLE
r1 = dll.testAdd(3.2, 2.1)

dll.testSubtract.argtypes = [wintypes.DOUBLE, wintypes.DOUBLE]
dll.testSubtract.restype = wintypes.DOUBLE
r2 = dll.testSubtract(3.2, 2.1)

dll.testMultiply.argtypes = [wintypes.DOUBLE, wintypes.DOUBLE]
dll.testMultiply.restype = wintypes.DOUBLE
r3 = dll.testMultiply(3.2, 2.1)

dll.testDivide.argtypes = [wintypes.DOUBLE, wintypes.DOUBLE]
dll.testDivide.restype = wintypes.DOUBLE
r4 = dll.testDivide(3.2, 2.1)
print(r1, r2, r3, r4)

# 输出结果
# 5.300000000000001 1.1 6.720000000000001 1.5238095238095237