Android ContentProvider 内容提供者

ContentProvider 内容提供者

ContentProvider(内容提供者) :: 提供数据/函数,供其它APP使用
ContentResolver(内容解析者) :: 根据Uri 调用/解析 内容提供者提供的数据/函数
ContentObserver(内容观察者) :: 观察内容提供者 用来监视内容提供者暴露的数据

---

清单文件中注册

<application 层中
        <provider android:name="com.bz.contentprovider.MyContentProvider" 
            android:authorities="com.bz.contentprovider.ContentProvider"> <!-- 内容提供者主机名 -->
            <!-- android:exported="true" //允许被其它App调用 -->
        </provider>

---

第一次写的内容提供者 MyContentProvider.java

/* Uri: content://com.bz.contentprovider.ContentProvider/XXX */
/*     |  scheme |               authorities           | path */
/*       标志前缀     清单文件的 android:authorities    资源/数据 */

package com.bz.contentprovider;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.net.Uri;

public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider {

    // 定义一个路径匹配器 用于匹配uri 如果路径不满足条件 返回 -1 (NO_MATCH)
    private static UriMatcher matcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);

    //定义一些常量
    private static final int INSERT = 1;    //添加数据匹配Uri路径成功时返回码
    private static final int DELETE = 2;    //删除数据匹配Uri路径成功时返回码
    private static final int UPDATE = 3;    //更改数据匹配Uri路径成功时返回码
    private static final int QUERY = 4;     //查询数据匹配Uri路径成功时返回码
    private static final int QUERYONE = 5;  //查询一条数据匹配Uri路径成功时返回码

    //静态代码块
    static { 
        // 添加一组匹配规则.     (清单文件设置的主机名，调用哪个方法，匹配码)
        matcher.addURI("com.bz.contentprovider.ContentProvider", "insert", INSERT);
        matcher.addURI("com.bz.contentprovider.ContentProvider", "delete", DELETE);
        matcher.addURI("com.bz.contentprovider.ContentProvider", "update", UPDATE);
        matcher.addURI("com.bz.contentprovider.ContentProvider", "query", QUERY);
        //这里的“#”号为通配符凡是符合”query/”皆返回QUERYONE的返回码
        matcher.addURI("com.bz.contentprovider.ContentProvider", "query/#", QUERYONE);
    }

    private MySQL helper;//数据库对象

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {  //创建时调用 获取数据库
        helper = new MySQL(getContext());
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) { //根据传入的Uri返回代表的数据的类型    MIME
        if (matcher.match(uri) == QUERY) {
            return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/person";    // 返回查询的结果  集多条数据vnd.android.cursor.dir开头、
        } else if (matcher.match(uri) == QUERYONE) {
            return "vnd.android.cursor.item/person";   // 单条数据vnd.android.cursor.item开头
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {  //根据传入的Uri查询指定条件下的数据
        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
        if (matcher.match(uri) == QUERY) { //匹配查询的Uri路径
            SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase();
            Cursor cursor = db.query("person", projection, selection,selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
            return cursor;
        } else if (matcher.match(uri) == QUERYONE) { //匹配成功,根据id查询数据 
            long id = ContentUris.parseId(uri);
            SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase();
            Cursor cursor = db.query("person", projection, "id=?",new String[]{id+""}, null, null, sortOrder);
            return cursor;
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("路径不匹配,不能执行查询操作"); //自定义报错
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) { //根据传入的Uri插入数据
        if (matcher.match(uri) == INSERT) { 
            SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
            db.insert("person", null, values);
            } else { 
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("路径不匹配,不能执行插入操作");
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) { //根据传入的Uri更新指定条件下的数据
        if (matcher.match(uri) == UPDATE) { 
            SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
            db.update("person", values, selection, selectionArgs);
        } else { 
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("路径不匹配,不能执行修改操作");
        }
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) { //根据传入的Uri删除指定条件下的数据
        if (matcher.match(uri) == DELETE) { 
            SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
            db.delete("person", selection, selectionArgs);
            } else { 
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("路径不匹配,不能执行删除操作");
        }
        return 0;
    }

}

---

调用自己写的内容提供者 MyContentProvider.java

//利用ContentResolver查询本应用程序使用ContentProvider暴露的数据
private void getPersons() {
    /* 插入
    Uri uri2 = Uri.parse("content://com.bz.contentprovider.ContentProvider/insert");
    ContentResolver contentResolver2 = getContentResolver();
    ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
    values.put("name", "lxj");
    values.put("number", "520");
    contentResolver2.insert(uri2, values);
        */

    //首先要获取查询的uri
    Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.bz.contentprovider.ContentProvider/query");

    //获取ContentResolver
        ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver();

        //利用ContentResolver查询数据得到一个Cursor
        Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);

        persons = new ArrayList<Person>();

        //如果cursor为空立即结束该方法
        if(cursor == null){return;}

        while(cursor.moveToNext()){
            int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("id"));
        String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
        String number = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("number"));
        Person p = new Person(id, name, number);
        persons.add(p);
    }
    cursor.close();
}

---

获取短信信息

private void getmsglist()
{
    Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://sms/");

    //获取ContentResolver对象
    ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();

    //通过ContentResolver对象查询系统短信
    Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[] { "address", "date", "type", "body" }, null, null, null);

    persons = new ArrayList<Person>();

    while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
        String address = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("address"));
        String body = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("body"));
        Person p = new Person(0, address, body);
        persons.add(p);
    }
    cursor.close();
}

---

短信到来时自动提醒 或者做别的事 嘿嘿嘿

内容观察者 观察短信内容提供者 新消息到时 得知数据被修改了

onCreate｛
    ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver(); //内容解析者
    Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://sms/");
    // 注册内容观察者
    resolver.registerContentObserver(uri, true, new MyObserver(new Handler()));
｝

// 自定义的内容观察者
private class MyObserver extends ContentObserver {
    public MyObserver(Handler handler) {
        super(handler);
    }

    // 当内容观察者 观察到是数据库的内容变化了 调用这个方法
    // 观察到 消息邮箱里面有一条数据库内容变化的通知.
    public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
        super.onChange(selfChange);
        Toast.makeText(Message_Receive_Activity.this, "数据库的内容变化了.", 1).show();
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://sms/");
        // 获取ContentResolver
        ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
        // 查询变化的数据
        Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[] { "address", "date", "type", "body" }, null, null, null);
        // 因为短信是倒序排列 因此获取最新一条就是第一个
        cursor.moveToFirst();
        String address = cursor.getString(0);
        String body = cursor.getString(3);
        // 更改UI界面
        txt_msg.setText("短信内容：" + body + "\n" + "短信地址：" + address);
        cursor.close();
    }
}

---

获取联系人信息

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>

class ContactInfo {
    String name;
    String PhoneNum;
    Bitmap bitmap;
}

private void GetContactInfo() {
    ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver();
    Uri uri = Phone.CONTENT_URI;// content://com.android.contacts/data/phones
    String projection[] = new String[] { Phone.DISPLAY_NAME, Phone.NUMBER,Phone.PHOTO_ID, Phone.CONTACT_ID };
    Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, projection, null, null, null);

    if (cursor == null) {return;}

    while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
        ContactInfo contactInfo = new ContactInfo();
        int indexName = cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.DISPLAY_NAME);
        String name = cursor.getString(indexName);

        int indexNum = cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER);
        String PhoneNum = cursor.getString(indexNum);

        long photoID = cursor.getLong(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.PHOTO_ID));

        Bitmap bitmap = null;

        if (photoID > 0) { // have photo
            // content://com.android.contacts/contacts/contatctID
            long contatctID = cursor.getLong(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.CONTACT_ID));
            Uri uriPhoto = Uri.withAppendedPath(ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI,Long.toString(contatctID));
            InputStream inputStream = ContactsContract.Contacts.openContactPhotoInputStream(contentResolver, uriPhoto);
            bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(inputStream);
        } else {
            bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.drawable.katong);
        }

        contactInfo.name = name;
        contactInfo.PhoneNum = PhoneNum;
        contactInfo.bitmap = bitmap;

        arrayList.add(contactInfo);
    }
}

---