getChildMeasureSpec()源码分析

getChildMeasureSpec()源码分析

  getChildMeasureSpec()方法是ViewGroup.java中的关键代码。所有的ViewGroup在测量child view时，最终都会调用到该方法。

  以下源码来自于Android 27（Android 8.1 Oreo）

    /**
     * Does the hard part of measureChildren: figuring out the MeasureSpec to
     * pass to a particular child. This method figures out the right MeasureSpec
     * for one dimension (height or width) of one child view.
     *
     * The goal is to combine information from our MeasureSpec with the
     * LayoutParams of the child to get the best possible results. For example,
     * if the this view knows its size (because its MeasureSpec has a mode of
     * EXACTLY), and the child has indicated in its LayoutParams that it wants
     * to be the same size as the parent, the parent should ask the child to
     * layout given an exact size.
     *
     * @param spec The requirements for this view
     * @param padding The padding of this view for the current dimension and
     *        margins, if applicable
     * @param childDimension How big the child wants to be in the current
     *        dimension
     * @return a MeasureSpec integer for the child
     */
    public static int getChildMeasureSpec(int spec, int padding, int childDimension) {
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(spec);
        int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(spec);

        int size = Math.max(0, specSize - padding);

        int resultSize = 0;
        int resultMode = 0;

        switch (specMode) {
        // Parent has imposed an exact size on us
        case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:
            if (childDimension >= 0) {
                resultSize = childDimension;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
                // Child wants to be our size. So be it.
                resultSize = size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
                // Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be
                // bigger than us.
                resultSize = size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;
            }
            break;

        // Parent has imposed a maximum size on us
        case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:
            if (childDimension >= 0) {
                // Child wants a specific size... so be it
                resultSize = childDimension;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
                // Child wants to be our size, but our size is not fixed.
                // Constrain child to not be bigger than us.
                resultSize = size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
                // Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be
                // bigger than us.
                resultSize = size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;
            }
            break;

        // Parent asked to see how big we want to be
        case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
            if (childDimension >= 0) {
                // Child wants a specific size... let him have it
                resultSize = childDimension;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
                // Child wants to be our size... find out how big it should
                // be
                resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;
            } else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
                // Child wants to determine its own size.... find out how
                // big it should be
                resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size;
                resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;
            }
            break;
        }
        //noinspection ResourceType
        return MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(resultSize, resultMode);
    }

  getChildMeasureSpec()在ViewGroup中被2个地方调用：

1. 第一个被调用的地方

    /**
     * Ask one of the children of this view to measure itself, taking into
     * account both the MeasureSpec requirements for this view and its padding.
     * The heavy lifting is done in getChildMeasureSpec.
     *
     * @param child The child to measure
     * @param parentWidthMeasureSpec The width requirements for this view
     * @param parentHeightMeasureSpec The height requirements for this view
     */
    protected void measureChild(View child, int parentWidthMeasureSpec,
            int parentHeightMeasureSpec) {
        final LayoutParams lp = child.getLayoutParams();

        final int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentWidthMeasureSpec,
                mPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight, lp.width);
        final int childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentHeightMeasureSpec,
                mPaddingTop + mPaddingBottom, lp.height);

        child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
    }

2. 第二个被调用的地方

    /**
     * Ask one of the children of this view to measure itself, taking into
     * account both the MeasureSpec requirements for this view and its padding
     * and margins. The child must have MarginLayoutParams The heavy lifting is
     * done in getChildMeasureSpec.
     *
     * @param child The child to measure
     * @param parentWidthMeasureSpec The width requirements for this view
     * @param widthUsed Extra space that has been used up by the parent
     *        horizontally (possibly by other children of the parent)
     * @param parentHeightMeasureSpec The height requirements for this view
     * @param heightUsed Extra space that has been used up by the parent
     *        vertically (possibly by other children of the parent)
     */
    protected void measureChildWithMargins(View child,
            int parentWidthMeasureSpec, int widthUsed,
            int parentHeightMeasureSpec, int heightUsed) {
        final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();

        final int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentWidthMeasureSpec,
                mPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin
                        + widthUsed, lp.width);
        final int childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentHeightMeasureSpec,
                mPaddingTop + mPaddingBottom + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin
                        + heightUsed, lp.height);

        child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
    }

  结合getChildMeasureSpec()的注释以及两个调用它的地方。不难总结出，3个传入参数spec、padding和childDimension的定义：

1. spec: 此ViewGroup的parent view赋予该ViewGroup的MeasureSpec。也就是说此ViewGroup的parent view调用child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec)时，传递给此ViewGroup的childWidthMeasureSpec或childHeightMeasureSpec。
2. padding: 此ViewGroup的padding和对应child view的margin之和。
3. childDimension：chid view的尺寸大小。也就是布局文件xml中的android:layout_width或android:layout_height。有3种可能：
   a. 精确值
   b. LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT
   c. LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT

  getChildMeasureSpec()可以概括为以下表格:

	精确值	MATCH_PARENT	WRAP_CONTENT
EXACTLY	childDimension/EXACTLY	size/EXACTLY	size/AT_MOST
AT_MOST	childDimension/EXACTLY	size/AT_MOST	size/AT_MOST
UNSPECIFIED	childDimension/EXACTLY	size/UNSPECIFIED	size/UNSPECIFIED