Ｃ++和Python之间互调用，c++ Mat和openncv_python cv2互转

项目背景为使用C++调用YOLACT网络检测的结果

1. 主函数

#include <Python.h>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include "iostream"
#include <numpy/arrayobject.h>
#include "chrono"
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

class YOLACT{
public:
    YOLACT(int imagerows, int imagecols, int channals){
        Py_Initialize();    // 初始化python
        import_array1();     // 导入numpy
        image_rows=imagerows, image_cols=imagecols, image_channals=imagecols;
        //判断初始化是否成功
        if(!Py_IsInitialized())
        {
            printf("Python init failed!\n");
        }
        // 添加当前python文件所在路径
        PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");
        PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('/home/jinln/jinln/python_project/yolact-our')");//slam_yolact dir
        PyRun_SimpleString("print(sys.path)");
        // 导入python模块    其实就是那个要运行的文件
        pModule = PyImport_ImportModule("slam_yolact");//对应的ｐｙ文件
        if (!pModule) {
            printf("Can not open python file!\n");
        }
        pFunc_test_numpy = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "get_mask"); // 获取函数,get_mask为ｐｙｔｈｏｎ工程内的的函数名

    };

    cv::Mat yolact_seg(cv::Mat preImg){
        try{
            // 构造numpy数组
            npy_intp Dims[3]={image_rows,image_cols,1};
            PyObject *PyImg = PyArray_SimpleNewFromData(3, Dims, NPY_UBYTE, preImg.data);// mat2PyObject
            // 将numpy数组构造为tuple
            PyObject *pArgs = PyTuple_New(1);
            PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs,0, PyImg);

            // 调用函数
            PyObject *ret2 = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc_test_numpy, pArgs);

            Mat retImg2(image_rows,image_cols,CV_8UC1,PyArray_DATA(ret2));// PyObject2mat
            return retImg2;
        }
        catch (...) {
            cerr<<"python seg image error!"<<endl;
        }

    };
private:
    PyObject* pModule;
    PyObject* pFunc_test_numpy;
    int image_rows, image_cols, image_channals; //图像高，长，通道
};

int main(int argc, char *argv[]){

    YOLACT Slam_yolact(962,1218,1);
    Mat img=imread("/home/jinln/CLionProjects/cpp_py/000498.png",cv::IMREAD_GRAYSCALE);
    Mat mask=Slam_yolact.yolact_seg(img);
    imshow("1",mask);
    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}

2. cpp_python.cpp

#include <Python.h>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <utility>
#include "iostream"
#include "map"
#include <numpy/arrayobject.h>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

class CppPython {
public:
    CppPython(std::string pythonFolder, std::string pythonModule)
            : pyFolderPath(std::move(pythonFolder)), pyModuleName(std::move(pythonModule)) {
        Py_Initialize();    // 初始化python
        if (!Py_IsInitialized()) printf("初始化python失败!\n");//判断初始化是否成功
        import_array1();     // 导入numpy   也可以用import_array();

        // 添加当前python文件所在路径
        PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");
        PyRun_SimpleString(("sys.path.append('" + pyFolderPath + "')").c_str());

        // 首先导入python模块
        pyModule = PyImport_ImportModule(pyModuleName.c_str());
        if (!pyModule) printf("导入python模块%s失败!\n", pyModuleName.c_str());
    }

    /**
     * 调用python函数，传入和返回都是int类型
     * @param funcName python函数名称
     * @param val 传入的int值
     * @return 返回的int值
     */
    int usePythonFunc(const std::string &funcName, int val) {
        if (funcMap.find(funcName) == funcMap.end()) {
            funcMap[funcName] = PyObject_GetAttrString(pyModule, funcName.c_str());   // 获取函数
            printf("第一次调用%s！\n",funcName.c_str());
        }

        PyObject *arg = Py_BuildValue("(i)", val);                             // 构造参数tuple
        PyObject *ret = PyObject_CallObject(funcMap[funcName], arg);    // 调用函数
        int retVal;
        PyArg_Parse(ret, "i", &retVal);                              // 解析函数
        return retVal;
    }

    /**
     * 调用python函数，传入和返回都是Mat类型，中间实际是numpy作为数据交互
     * @param funcName python函数名称
     * @param img   传入的int值
     * @return  返回的int值
     */
    Mat usePythonFunc(const std::string &funcName, cv::Mat &img) {
        if (funcMap.find(funcName) == funcMap.end()) {
            funcMap[funcName] = PyObject_GetAttrString(pyModule, funcName.c_str());   // 获取函数
            printf("第一次调用%s！\n",funcName.c_str());
        }

        // 构造numpy数组
        npy_intp Dims[3] = {img.rows, img.cols, img.channels()};
        int dim = img.channels() == 1 ? 1 : 3;
        PyObject *PyImg = PyArray_SimpleNewFromData(dim, Dims, NPY_UBYTE, img.data);

        // 将numpy数组构造为tuple
        PyObject *arg = PyTuple_New(1);
        PyTuple_SetItem(arg, 0, PyImg);

        // 调用函数返回numpy数组
        PyObject *retData = PyObject_CallObject(funcMap[funcName], arg);

        // numpy数组转化为mat
        Mat retImg(img.rows, img.cols, CV_8UC1, PyArray_DATA(retData));
        return retImg;
    }

public:
    std::string pyFolderPath;
    std::string pyModuleName;
private:
    PyObject *pyModule = nullptr;
    std::map<std::string, PyObject *> funcMap;
};


int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

    CppPython test("/home/anan/CPPCODE/AnanCode/demo/python","python_module");
    int ret = test.usePythonFunc("number_add_1",5);
    cout<<ret<<endl;
    Mat img = imread("/home/anan/CLionProjects/CppPython/1.png");
    resize(img, img, Size(500, 500));
    for(int i=0;i<20;i++)
    {
        Mat retImg = test.usePythonFunc("img_to_gray",img);
        imshow("1",retImg);
        waitKey();
    }

    return  0;

}

3. CmakeLists

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
project(cpp_py)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)


if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
    message("COMPILER IS GNUCC")
    ADD_DEFINITIONS ( -std=c++11 )
endif(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)

SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "$ENV{CXXFLAGS} -O3 -Wall")

# 添加头文件路径
include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
include_directories(/home/jinln/anaconda3/envs/yolact-env/include/python3.8) # 虚拟环境python头文件


set(OpenCV_DIR "/home/jinln/installProgram/opencv-4.5.4/build")  #OpenCVConfig.cmake所在的文件目录
find_package(OpenCV)
MESSAGE("OPENCV VERSION:")
MESSAGE(${OpenCV_VERSION})
include_directories(${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS})


# 添加要编译的可执行文件
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} main.cpp )

# 隐式链接库文件
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} /home/jinln/anaconda3/envs/yolact-env/lib/libpython3.8.so ${OpenCV_LIBS}
        )