翻译：测试成熟度模型集成（TMMi）（11）

Generic Practices by Goals
目标的通用实践
GG 2 Institutionalize a Managed Process
GG 2 制度化一个管理过程
GP 2.1 Establish an organizational policy
GP 2.1 建立组织政策
Establish and maintain an organizational policy for planning and performing the test policy and
strategy process.
为计划和执行测试政策和策略过程，建立和维护组织政策
Elaboration
细节
Typically, at an organizational level it is documented that on a periodic basis, e.g. yearly, the test
policy and test strategy will be revisited and if necessary updated.
典型的，测试政策和测试策略会被重访并进行必要的更新，在组织级别他们被定期记录，如一年一次。
GP 2.2 Plan the process
GP 2.2 计划这个过程
Establish and maintain the plan for performing the test policy and strategy process.
为执行测试政策和策略过程，建立和维护这个计划
Elaboration
细节
The plan for performing the test policy and strategy process can be included (or referenced by) the
organization’s quality plan or test process improvement plan.
执行测试政策和策略过程的计划包括（或者引用）组织的质量计划或者测试过程提高计划。
GP 2.3 Provide resources
GP 2.3 提供资源
Provide adequate resources for performing the test policy and strategy process, developing the test
work products, and providing the services of the process.
为执行测试政策和策略过程，开发测试工作产品，提供过程服务，提供足够的资源。
GP 2.4 Assign responsibilities
GP 2.4 分配职责
Assign responsibility and authority for performing the test policy and strategy process, developing the
work products, and providing the services of the test policy and strategy process.
为执行测试政策和策略过程，开发测试工作产品，提供测试政策和策略过程服务，分配责任和权力。
Elaboration
细节
A group with the authority and knowledge is designated to be responsible for defining a test policy,
test strategy and test performance indicators. The group typically consists of the following
stakeholders: resource management, business management, quality management, project
management, operations, test management and test engineers.
一个具备权力和相关知识的小组被指定负责定义测试政策，测试策略和测试性能指标。这个组成员一般包括如下：资源管理员，商业管理员，质量管理员，项目

管理员，操作员，测试管理员和测试工程师。
GP 2.5 Train People
GP 2.5 培训人员
Train the people performing or supporting the test policy and strategy process as needed.
培训人员以执行或者支持必要的测试政策和策略过程。
Elaboration
细节
People involved in the practices of defining and maintaining the test policy and test strategy are
provided with basic knowledge regarding structured testing. Those involved in the practices around
test performance indicators are trained on measurement practices.
关于结构性测试的基本知识要提供给包含在定义和维护测试政策和测试策略这个实践活动中的人员.那些包含在测试性能指标这个实践活动中的人员要进行度量实

践的培训。
GP 2.6 Manage Configurations
GP 2.6 配置管理
Place designated work products of the test policy and strategy process under appropriate levels of
configuration control.
在适当水平的配置控制下放置测试政策和策略过程指定的工作产品。
Elaboration
细节
Examples of work products placed under configuration management include the following:
• Test policy
• Test strategy
• Test performance indicators
• Measurement data
在配置管理下放置的工作产品包括如下：
 测试政策
 测试策略
 测试性能指标
 测量数据
GP 2.7 Identify and involve relevant stakeholders
GP 2.7 标明并使相关人员参与
Identify and involve relevant stakeholders of the test policy and strategy process as planned.
根据计划，标明并使测试政策和测试策略过程的相关人员参与。
GP 2.8 Monitor and control the process
GP 2.8 监控过程
Monitor and Control the test policy and strategy process against the plan for performing the process
and take appropriate actions.
根据计划，监控测试政策和策略过程的执行，并采取适当的行动。
GP 2.9 Objectively Evaluate Adherence
GP 2.9 坚持客观评价
Objective evaluate adherence of the test policy and strategy process against its process description,
standards, and procedures, and address non-compliances.
根据它的过程描述，标准，程序和定位不符合的，坚持对测试政策和策略过程的客观评价。
Elaboration
细节
Examples of review and/or audit evaluation adherence topics include the following:
• Compliance in test plans to test policy and test strategy
• Level of familiarity by test professionals and other stakeholders with test policy, test
strategy and test performance indicators
• Test performance indicators data is gathered and results are reported to the
stakeholders
评审和/或审计评估的主题包括以下内容：
 针对测试政策和测试策略的测试计划的符合
 测试专家和其他相关人员对测试政策，测试策略和测试性能指标的熟悉程度
 测试性能指标数据被收集，结果汇报给相关人员
GP 2.10 Review status with higher level management
GP 2.10 高级别管理人员的评审状态
Review the activities, status and results of the test policy and strategy process with higher level
management and resolve issues.
由高级别管理人员评审测试政策和策略过程的活动，状态和结果，并解决问题。
GG 3 Institutionalize a Defined Process
GG 3 制度化一个已定义的过程
Only applicable at TMMi level 3
仅仅适合3级TMMi
GP 3.1 Establish a defined process
GP 3.1 建立一个已定义的过程
Establish and maintain a description of a defined test policy and strategy process
建立和维护一个已定义的测试政策和策略过程的描述
GP 3.2 Collect improvement information
GP 3.2 收集改善信息
Collect work products, measures, measurement results, and improvement information derived from
planning and performing the test policy and strategy process to support the future use and
improvement of the organization’s processes and process assets.
收集来自计划和测试政策和策略过程执行的工作产品，记录，度量数据和改进信息，以支持组织过程和过程资产的未来使用和改进。