连通组件扫描

介绍OpenCV里的寻找连通器的api——

connectedComponents(src,connectivity=8,ltype=cv.CV_32S)

他会返回连通的数量和连通的标签数组：

def connected_components_demo():
    src = cv.imread("D:/pythonTest/img/2.jpg")
    cv.imshow("input",src)
    src = cv.GaussianBlur(src,(3,3),0)
    grey = cv.cvtColor(src,cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    src = cv.adaptiveThreshold(grey, 255, cv.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, cv.THRESH_BINARY, 25, 5)
    cv.imshow("output",src)
    conn = cv.connectedComponents(src,connectivity=8,ltype=cv.CV_32S)
    num_labels = conn[0]
    labels = conn[1]
    color = []
    for i in range(num_labels):
        b = np.random.randint(0,256)
        g = np.random.randint(0, 256)
        r = np.random.randint(0, 256)
        color.append((b,g,r))
    color[0] = (0,0,0)

    h,w = src.shape
    image = np.zeros((h,w,3),dtype=np.uint8)
    for row in range (h):
        for col in range(w):
            image[row,col] = color[labels[row,col]]

    cv.imshow("colored label",image)

这里，我们先将一个彩色图片进行高斯模糊、转成灰度图、进行二值化。然后用连通组件对新图像进行上色。运行结果如下：

 

下面介绍一个能返回更多信息的api

connectedComponentsWithStats()

他需要输入一个二值图，然后会返回这个图中的连通器的标签数量、标签、中点、左上起点、宽高以及面积，代码如下：

#下面的这个api会返回的信息更多
    output_more = cv.connectedComponentsWithStats(src,connectivity=8,ltype=cv.CV_32S)
    num_labels = output_more[0]
    labels = output_more[1]
    states = output_more[2]
    centers = output_more[3]
    image_states = cv.cvtColor(src,cv.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)
    for i in range(num_labels):
        if i==0:
            continue
        cx,cy = centers[i]
        x,y,width,height,area = states[i]
        print(area)
        cv.rectangle(image_states,(x,y),(x+width,y+height),(0,0,255),2,8,0)
        cv.circle(image_states,(np.int(cx),np.int(cy)),2,(255,0,0),-1,8,0)
    cv.imshow("statistic",image_states)

 

于是我们就在图像上可以把每个连通器标出来：