hdu 2497 Pick up sticks

Pick up sticks

Time Limit: 10000/5000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)

Total Submission(s): 31    Accepted Submission(s): 12

 

 

Problem Description

 

 

 

Pick up sticks is a fascinating game. A collection of coloured sticks are dumped in a tangled heap on the table. Players take turns trying to pick up a single stick at a time without moving any of the other sticks. It is very difficult to pick up a stick if there is another stick lying on top of it. The players therefore try to pick up the sticks in an order such that they never have to pick up a stick from underneath another stick.

 

 

Input

The input consists of several test cases. The first line of each test case contains two integers n and m each at least one and no greater than one million. The integer n is the number of sticks, and m is the number of lines that follow. The sticks are numbered from 1 to n. Each of the following lines contains a pair of integers a, b, indicating that there is a point where stick a lies on top of stick b. The last line of input is 0 0. These zeros are not values of n and m, and should not be processed as such.

 

 

Output

For each test case, output n lines of integers, listing the sticks in the order in which they could be picked up without ever picking up a stick with another stick on top of it. If there are multiple such correct orders, any one will do. If there is no such correct order, output a single line containing the word IMPOSSIBLE.

 

 

Sample Input

3 2

1 2

2 3

0 0

 

 

Sample Output

1

2

3

 

 

Source

 University of Waterloo Local Contest 2009.09

 

 

 

 

 

昨天晚上想到3点多还没有结果，今天早上，为了解决这道题，旷了三节微积分课，最后，经实验室学长指点终于做出来了，原来是在写toposort的时候太不仔细了，把u的数值给搞成索引了，现在终于解决了，这下可舒缓了一口气。虽然做的相当的悲剧。但是，这道题给我留下的财富也是相当可观的。至于微积分课，这个礼拜五花个一个下午去搞定吧，毕竟我学数学，也是因为数学的很多东西能应用到编程中去。

 

下面的code是用C实现的代码很简洁就不必说明了

code:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#define len 1000005

int ans[len],head[len],next[len],val[len],degree[len],n,m;

bool toposort(){

         int i,front,rear,u;

         for(i=rear=1;i<=n;i++)

                   if(degree[i]==0)

                            ans[rear++]=i;

         for(front=1;front<rear;front++){

                   for(u=head[ans[front]];u;u=next[u])

                            if(--degree[val[u]]==0)

                                     ans[rear++]=val[u];

         }

         if(rear==n+1)  return true;

         else           return false;

}

int main(void){

         int i,x,y,k;

         while(scanf("%d%d",&n,&m)==2&&m+n){

                   memset(head,0,sizeof(head));

                   memset(degree,0,sizeof(degree));

                   for(i=k=1;i<=m;i++){

                            scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);

                            degree[y]++;

                            val[k]=y;

                            next[k]=head[x];    head[x]=k++;

                   }

                   if(toposort())

                            for(i=1;i<=n;i++)

                                     printf("%d/n",ans[i]);

                   else

                            puts("IMPOSSIBLE");

         }

         return 0;

}