漏洞扫描软件-nikto使用

1、简介
Nikto是一个开放源码(GPL)的web服务器扫描器，它对web服务器上的多个项目执行全面的测试，包括超过6700个潜在的危险文件/程序，检查超过1250个服务器的过期版本，以及270多个服务器上的特定于版本的问题。它还检查服务器配置项，如是否存在多个索引文件、HTTP服务器选项，并尝试标识已安装的 web服务器和软件。扫描项目和插件经常更新比较活跃并且可以自动更新

2、安装

yum install nikto

3、命令参数

[root@c79 nikto-master]# nikto -H

   Options:
       -ask+               Whether to ask about submitting updates
                               yes   Ask about each (default)
                               no    Don't ask, don't send
                               auto  Don't ask, just send
       -Cgidirs+           Scan these CGI dirs: "none", "all", or values like "/cgi/ /cgi-a/"
       -config+            Use this config file
       -Display+           Turn on/off display outputs:
                               1     Show redirects
                               2     Show cookies received
                               3     Show all 200/OK responses
                               4     Show URLs which require authentication
                               D     Debug output
                               E     Display all HTTP errors
                               P     Print progress to STDOUT
                               S     Scrub output of IPs and hostnames
                               V     Verbose output
       -dbcheck           Check database and other key files for syntax errors
       -evasion+          Encoding technique:
                               1     Random URI encoding (non-UTF8)
                               2     Directory self-reference (/./)
                               3     Premature URL ending
                               4     Prepend long random string
                               5     Fake parameter
                               6     TAB as request spacer
                               7     Change the case of the URL
                               8     Use Windows directory separator (\)
                               A     Use a carriage return (0x0d) as a request spacer
                               B     Use binary value 0x0b as a request spacer
        -Format+           Save file (-o) format:
                               csv   Comma-separated-value
                               htm   HTML Format
                               nbe   Nessus NBE format
                               sql   Generic SQL (see docs for schema)
                               txt   Plain text
                               xml   XML Format
                               (if not specified the format will be taken from the file extension passed to -output)
       -Help              Extended help information
       -host+             Target host
       -404code           Ignore these HTTP codes as negative responses (always). Format is "302,301".
       -404string         Ignore this string in response body content as negative response (always). Can be a regular expression.
       -id+               Host authentication to use, format is id:pass or id:pass:realm
       -key+              Client certificate key file
       -list-plugins      List all available plugins, perform no testing
       -maxtime+          Maximum testing time per host (e.g., 1h, 60m, 3600s)
       -mutate+           Guess additional file names:
                               1     Test all files with all root directories
                               2     Guess for password file names
                               3     Enumerate user names via Apache (/~user type requests)
                               4     Enumerate user names via cgiwrap (/cgi-bin/cgiwrap/~user type requests)
                               5     Attempt to brute force sub-domain names, assume that the host name is the parent domain
                               6     Attempt to guess directory names from the supplied dictionary file
       -mutate-options    Provide information for mutates
       -nointeractive     Disables interactive features
       -nolookup          Disables DNS lookups
       -nossl             Disables the use of SSL
       -no404             Disables nikto attempting to guess a 404 page
       -Option            Over-ride an option in nikto.conf, can be issued multiple times
       -output+           Write output to this file ('.' for auto-name)
       -Pause+            Pause between tests (seconds, integer or float)
       -Plugins+          List of plugins to run (default: ALL)
       -port+             Port to use (default 80)
       -RSAcert+          Client certificate file
       -root+             Prepend root value to all requests, format is /directory
       -Save              Save positive responses to this directory ('.' for auto-name)
       -ssl               Force ssl mode on port
       -Tuning+           Scan tuning:
                               1     Interesting File / Seen in logs
                               2     Misconfiguration / Default File
                               3     Information Disclosure
                               4     Injection (XSS/Script/HTML)
                               5     Remote File Retrieval - Inside Web Root
                               6     Denial of Service
                               7     Remote File Retrieval - Server Wide
                               8     Command Execution / Remote Shell
                               9     SQL Injection
                               0     File Upload
                               a     Authentication Bypass
                               b     Software Identification
                               c     Remote Source Inclusion
                               d     WebService
                               e     Administrative Console
                               x     Reverse Tuning Options (i.e., include all except specified)
       -timeout+          Timeout for requests (default 10 seconds)
       -Userdbs           Load only user databases, not the standard databases
                               all   Disable standard dbs and load only user dbs
                               tests Disable only db_tests and load udb_tests
       -useragent         Over-rides the default useragent
       -until             Run until the specified time or duration
       -update            Update databases and plugins from CIRT.net
       -useproxy          Use the proxy defined in nikto.conf, or argument http://server:port
       -Version           Print plugin and database versions
       -vhost+            Virtual host (for Host header)
                + requires a value

4、使用方法举例
测试一下

[root@vpn2 ~]# nikto -host 192.168.32.236 -p 8899
- ***** RFIURL is not defined in nikto.conf--no RFI tests will run *****
- ***** SSL support not available (see docs for SSL install) *****
- Nikto v2.1.6
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Target IP:          192.168.32.236
+ Target Hostname:    192.168.32.236
+ Target Port:        8899
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ SSL Info:        Subject:  
                   Ciphers:  
                   Issuer:   
+ Start Time:         2024-04-25 10:38:25 (GMT8)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Server: nginx/1.13.9
+ Server leaks inodes via ETags, header found with file /, fields: 0x661cf586 0x1915 
+ The anti-clickjacking X-Frame-Options header is not present.
+ The X-XSS-Protection header is not defined. This header can hint to the user agent to protect against some forms of XSS
+ The site uses SSL and the Strict-Transport-Security HTTP header is not defined.
+ The X-Content-Type-Options header is not set. This could allow the user agent to render the content of the site in a different fashion to the MIME type
+ No CGI Directories found (use '-C all' to force check all possible dirs)
+ Hostname '192.168.32.236' does not match certificate's names: 
+ OSVDB-3092: /html/: This might be interesting...
+ 5094 requests: 0 error(s) and 7 item(s) reported on remote host
+ End Time:           2024-04-25 10:38:46 (GMT8) (21 seconds)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ 1 host(s) tested

结果翻译

+服务器：nginx/1.13.9
+服务器通过ETag泄漏索引节点，在文件/中找到标头，字段：0x661cf586 0x1915
+防点击劫持X-Frame-Options标头不存在。
+X-XSS-Protection标头未定义。此标头可以提示用户代理防止某些形式的XSS
+该站点使用SSL，并且未定义“严格传输安全”HTTP标头。
+未设置X-Content-Type-Options标头。这可以允许用户代理以与MIME类型不同的方式呈现网站的内容
+找不到CGI目录（使用“-C all”强制检查所有可能的目录）
+主机名“192.168.32.236”与证书的名称不匹配：
+OSVDB-3092:/html/：这可能很有趣。。。
+5094个请求：远程主机上报告了0个错误和7个项目