linux代理设置&apt-get代理设置

一、Ubuntu的apt-get代理设置

1.环境变量方法

设置环境变量，下面是临时设置

export http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:8000
sudo apt-get update

2.设置apt-get的配置

修改/etc/apt/apt.conf（或者/etc/envrionment），增加

Acquire::http::proxy "http://10.251.210.xx:808/";
Acquire::ftp::proxy "ftp://10.251.210.xx:808/";
Acquire::https::proxy "https://10.251.210.xx:808/";

3.在命令行临时带入

这是我最喜欢的方法，毕竟apt不是时时刻刻都用的
在命令行后面增加-o选项

sudo apt-get -o Acquire::http::proxy="http://127.0.0.1:8000/" update

二、终端中走代理的方式

1.环境变量，临时设置

export  http_proxy="http://username:password@proxyServer:port/"
export  https_proxy="http://username:password@proxyServer:port/"
export ftp_proxy="http://username:password@proxyServer:port/"
export no_proxy="127.0.0.1,192.168.124.0/16,*.example.com"

# 例如：
export http_proxy=http://10.251.210.xx:808
export https_proxy=https://10.251.210.xx:808

三、修改Ubuntu镜像源

1.备份系统默认源

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

2.打开软件源文件

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

3.将镜像源配置替换到源文件（注意在镜像源网站（清华大学网站）上选择合适自己系统的版本）

清华大学镜像源

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

其他镜像源

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse

4.更新软件源

sudo apt-get update

5.更新系统所有软件

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

选择是，系统就会自动更新所有已安装的软件到最新版。

参考链接：
https://www.jianshu.com/p/81c90d9cb69f
https://blog.csdn.net/lonelysky/article/details/81059339
https://blog.csdn.net/inslow/article/details/54378350