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指数指的是幂运算 a n ( a ≠ 0 ) a^n(a \neq 0) an(a̸=0) 中的 n n n, a a a称为底数.
- a 0 = 1 a^0 = 1 a0=1
- a n = a × a × ⋯ × a a^n = a \times a \times \cdots \times a an=a×a×⋯×a
- a n = 1 a − n a^n = \frac 1 {a^{-n}} an=a−n1
运算法则
- a n ⋅ a m = a n + m a^n \cdot a^m = a^{n+m} an⋅am=an+m
- ( a n ) m = a n m (a^n)^m = a^{nm} (an)m=anm
- a n a m = a n − m \frac {a^n}{a^m} = a^{n-m} aman=an−m
- ( a b ) n = a n b n (ab)^n = a^nb^n (ab)n=anbn
- a − m = 1 a m a^{-m} = \frac 1 {a^m} a−m=am1
与对数互为逆运算
b = a n < = > n = log a b b = a^n <=> n = \log_ab b=an<=>n=logab
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