引子
APP 启动页定义一个定时器,一段时间后自动进入主页或者点击按钮立即跳转主页,退出页面时取消定时器;普通页面请求中,退出页面取消订阅防止内存泄露
我们在页面启动或者显示时启动任务,在页面暂停或退出时停止或取消任务,即在页 面的不同生命周期去执行不同操作,通常是在onPause、onDestroy中去手动执行调用(比如取消订阅网络请求),当与生命周期相关联的方法越来越多,代码实现越复杂,业务的改动就会导致Activity的处理逻辑难以维护。此时需要一个组件,当Activity生命周期方法执行时,使得对应的逻辑主动执行。
一 什么是Lifecycle?
Lifecycle是Jetpack架构组件中用来感知生命周期的组件,使用Lifecycle可以是的与生命周期相关的代码更简洁、易维护。
二 项目中添加Lifecycle
implementation “android.arch.lifecycle:runtime:1.1.1”
annotationProcessor “android.arch.lifecycle:compiler:1.1.1”
annotationProcessor为了进行预处理,生成以“类名_LifecycleAdapter”命名的类,将各种回调方法直接进行逻辑转换,避免反射,提高性能
三 简单使用
- 实现LifecycleObserver接口(Activity或Fragment已实现LifecycleOwner)
- 添加生命周期注解@OnLifecyclecycleEvent 或者代码监听
- Activity中addObserver注册
/**
1. 移动架构44_Lifecycle与生命周期
2. 3. 因为ComponentActivity、FragmentActivity的的父类SupportActivity、android.support.v4.app.Fragment 均实现了 LifecycleOwner接口,getLifecycle是接口的方法,所以可以进行注册
4.
*/
public class LifecycleActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private static final String TAG = "LifecycleActivity";
@Override
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_lifecycle);
getLifecycle().addObserver(new MyObserver());
}
public class MyObserver implements LifecycleObserver {
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_CREATE)
public void onCreate() {
Log.i(TAG, "Lifecycle onCreate生命周期");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
public void onStart() {
Log.i(TAG, "Lifecycle onStart生命周期");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_RESUME)
public void onResume() {
Log.i(TAG, "Lifecycle onResume生命周期");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_PAUSE)
public void onPause() {
Log.i(TAG, "Lifecycle onPause生命周期");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP)
protected void onStop() {
Log.i(TAG,"Lifecycle onStop生命周期");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_DESTROY)
public void onDestory() {
Log.i(TAG, "Lifecycle onDestory生命周期");
}
}
}
四 自定义LifecycleOwner
- 实现LifecycleOwner接口
- 设置状态
- 监听使用
public class UserDefinedLifecycleActivity extends Activity implements LifecycleOwner,View.OnClickListener {
private static final String TAG = "UserDefinedLifecycle";
private LifecycleRegistry lifecycleRegistry;
private Risk risk;
@Override
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_user_defined_lifecycle);
lifecycleRegistry = new LifecycleRegistry(this);
lifecycleRegistry.setCurrentState(Lifecycle.State.CREATED);
// 第一种:直接监听
getLifecycle().addObserver(new LifecycleEventObserver() {
@Override
public void onStateChanged(@NonNull LifecycleOwner source, @NonNull Lifecycle.Event event) {
Log.i(TAG, "onStateChanged event ="+event.name());
}
});
// 第二种:注解监听
getLifecycle().addObserver(new MyObserver());
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
// 注意:设置了onResume ,ON_PAUSE、onDestroy会执行,注意注册和使用
lifecycleRegistry.setCurrentState(Lifecycle.State.RESUMED);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
lifecycleRegistry.setCurrentState(Lifecycle.State.DESTROYED);
}
@NonNull
@Override
public Lifecycle getLifecycle() {
return lifecycleRegistry;
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()){
case R.id.tv_start:
risk.startRisk();
break;
case R.id.tv_end:
risk.stopRisk();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
public class MyObserver implements LifecycleObserver {
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_CREATE)
public void onCreate() {
Log.i(TAG, "Lifecycle onCreate生命周期");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_RESUME)
public void onResume() {
Log.i(TAG, "Lifecycle onResume生命周期");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_PAUSE)
public void onPause() {
Log.i(TAG, "Lifecycle onPause生命周期");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP)
protected void onStop() {
Log.i(TAG,"Lifecycle onStop生命周期 LifecycleRegistry没有设置,但是会调用");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_DESTROY)
public void onDestory() {
Log.i(TAG, "Lifecycle onDestory生命周期");
}
}
}
注意:
- 不一定局限Activity和Fragment,有生命周期的类都可实现LifecycleOwner
- onCreate、onDestroy对应,onCreate执行过了,onDestroy没执行,onCreate不会重复执行,那么多次setCurrentState
- 注册了onResume,onStop哪怕没注册,也会收到事件