并列句

一、什么是并列句

I love you, you love that dog.
错在逗号前后是一句话,一句话只能有一个动词做,这句话却有两个动词
一种修改方式是,变成独立主格:
I loving you, you love that dog.

独立主格就是把多句话写成一句话,但只保留一个动词做谓语,其他动词变成非谓语动词。

另一种方式是,加连接词,变成并列句。此处加but:
I love you but you love that dog.
还一种方式是,加引导词,变成从句:
Although I love you, you love that dog.
或者:
You love that dog although I love you.
综上,把多个句子变成一个句子的方法有:

  1. 独立主格
  2. 并列句
  3. 从句

所以,什么是并列句?就是在两句话的中间加个连词。


二、常见的连词

  1. 平行关系:and,not only…but also

副词:similarly, equally, likewise
介词短语:at the same time

  1. 转折关系:but,yet,while,whereas

副词:however, nevertheless, conversely, unfortunately
介词短语:on the contrary, by contrast

  1. 递进关系:then

副词:besides, furthemore, moreover, additionally, subsequently

  1. 因果关系:for;so

副词:thus, therefore, consequently
介词短语:as a result

  1. 选择关系:or

副词:alternatively


三、并列句在写作中的使用

这个男人很有钱,我决定嫁给他。
The man is rich, I decide to marry him.
The man is rich. I decide to marry him.
The man is rich, so I decide to marry him.

写作中只要上下句之间有逻辑关系,就一定要用逻辑关系词(连词、副词、介词短语)

练习:爱情已经不在了,她还在留恋过去。
Romance has evaporated, but she still keeps the past in mind.

当两句话之间使用连词的时候,中间的那个逗号要不要均可(个人经验,一般情况下会加逗号,因为这样会让句子很清楚地分层,更容易阅读,所以自己用的话,如果句子比较长,要求加逗号)

这里的but不能换成by contrast,因为介词短语不能连接两个句子,连词才能。
如果想要用by contrast,把逗号变成句号。
Romance has evaporated. By contrast she still keeps the past in mind.

当使用副词或介词短语时,它们都没有连接两个句子的功能,所以都要把逗号变成句号

连词和其他逻辑关系词的区别在于,连词的前面有没有逗号均可,其它逻辑关系词的前面一定是句号,或者是加连词and

and可以连接两个句子,并且没有实在意义,所以可以用来和副词、介词短语等搭配,而不用改动逗号(个人建议,一般不这样用,有点累赘)

Romance has evaporated, and by contrast she still keeps the past in mind.

练习:有朋自远方来不亦乐乎
There seem a host of companies coming from a long distance, and consequently I feel exceedingly delighted.

练习:你还记得那天吗?我没有通过四级考试,一个人在雨中哭泣。你走过来拍拍我肩膀,告诉我“人生没有终点”。
Do you still keep the day in mind?I failed to pass CET4. Consequently I shed tears alone in the rain, and similarly you came up to me then beat my shoulder, telling me “there seems no destination in life.”

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