Default Bearer and Dedicated Bearer in the LTE

节选于3GPP2,24.301

Definitions

 

Default Bearer: The EPS bearer whichis first established for a new PDN connection and remains establishedthroughout the lifetime of the PDN connection.

OneEPS bearer is established when the UE connects to a PDN, and that remainsestablished throughout the lifetime of the PDN connection to provide the UEwith always-on IP connectivity to that PDN. That bearer is referred to as the defaultbearer. Any additional EPS bearer that is established for the same PDNconnection is referred to as a dedicated bearer.

  在LTE 中default Bearer 的建立是为了保持UE 和PDN 之间的IP 连接。在这个default bearer上，UE 可以获得 IP assigned from PGW,并且以后的IP 链路的释放，调整，也应该是通过default bearer 来完成。 有点像固定终端通过DHCP 来获得IP 地址。 那这边就有两种方式针对 IP的分配。 base on GTP ，base on IPMP。

PPP IPMP 到底是啥关系。。没弄过WCDMA，不晓得啊。。

 

  一旦UE 得到IP 地址后，UE 与PDN 之间的就可以开始IP 通信。那可以想象，对于SIP 来讲，对于PGW 后面的IMS ，需要有一条dedicated bearer来承载SIP 的信令，还需要一条dedicated bearer来承载 之后的RTP流。 因为SIP,RTP的开销不一样，所建立的dedicated 的bearer 也不一样，这些是在PCRF 中通过Policy设定么？  貌似以前Alcap也在做同样的事情，针对不同的承载要求，通过ALCAP来调整和协商 AAL5，AAL2. 但是ALCAP 在RNC 侧就开始做这个链路开销，选择的事情，而且好像是很固定，pre-defined的。而LTE中，换到了PCRF,PCEF来做，通过用户的profile，计费数据来灵活配置bearer的具体参数，上下行速率，吞吐量，并且已经和计费结合，on/off -line charing, 感觉更贴合用户的业务需求来灵活配置业务所需的数据link。

An Uplink Traffic Flow Template (UL TFT) is the set of uplink packet filters in a TFT. A Downlink Traffic Flow Template (DL TFT) is the set of downlink packet filters in a TFT. Every dedicated EPS bearer is associated with a TFT. The UE uses the UL TFT for mapping traffic to an EPS bearer in the uplink direction. The PCEF(for GTP-based S5/S8) or the BBERF (for PMIP-based S5/S8) uses the DL TFT for mapping traffic to an EPS bearer in the downlink direction. The UE may use the UL TFT and DL TFT to associate EPS Bearer Activation or Modification procedures to an application and to traffic flow aggregates of the application. Therefore the PDN GW shall, in the Create Dedicated Bearer Request and the Update BearerRequest messages, provide all available traffic flow description information (e.g.source and destination IP address and port numbers and the protocol information).

这段还没很好理解。

The initial bearer level QoS parameter values of the default bearer are assigned by the network, based on subscription data (in E-UTRAN the MME sets those initial values based on subscription data retrieved from HSS).

对于建立第一条 也就是default bearer 所用到的参数 是MME 从HSS 下载到的用户profile 所获得，这个应该包含了用户最基本的签约数据，Create Barer 由MME 发起，并且SGW和PGW 的选择也是MME 通过对APN的DNS query来完成。

For of E-UTRAN,the decision to establish or modify a dedicated bearer can only be taken by theEPC, and the bearer level QoS parameter values are always assigned by the EPC.

dedicated bearer的发起和修改只能由EPC 侧来发起， 那就意味着只能又PGW/PCEF来发起，如果有traffic 需要map到downlink上来， PCEF会根据local或者PCRF来的policy和计费来建立，或者修改dedicated bearer。

The MME shallnot modify the bearer level QoS parameter values received on the S11 referencepoint during establishment or modification of a default or dedicated bearer.Instead, the MME shall only transparently forwards those values to the E-UTRAN.Consequently, "QoS negotiation" between the E-UTRAN and the EPCduring default or dedicated bearer establishment / modification is notsupported. The MME may, however, reject the establishment or modification of adefault or dedicated bearer (e.g. if the bearer level QoS parameter values sentby the PCEF over a GTP based S8 roaming interface do not comply with a roamingagreement).