hive安装本地模式报错Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient解决

在本地安装了jdk、mysql和hadoop环境后

启动hive，输入show tables;报错

hive> show tables;
FAILED: SemanticException org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient

未初始化元数据库。

输入

schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

初始化mysql为hive的元数据库，继续报错

root@zwc-virtual-machine:/home/soft/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/conf# schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/soft/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.6.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/soft/hadoop-2.8.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]
Metastore connection URL:	 jdbc:mysql://192.168.17.135:3306/hive
Metastore Connection Driver :	 com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Metastore connection User:	 root
org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaException: Failed to get schema version.
Underlying cause: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException : Communications link failure

The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.
SQL Error code: 0
Use --verbose for detailed stacktrace.
*** schemaTool failed ***

按照提示加上--verbose打印完整错误堆栈信息

root@zwc-virtual-machine:/home/soft/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/conf# schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema --verbose
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/soft/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.6.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/soft/hadoop-2.8.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]
Metastore connection URL:	 jdbc:mysql://192.168.17.135:3306/hive
Metastore Connection Driver :	 com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Metastore connection User:	 root
org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaException: Failed to get schema version.
Underlying cause: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException : Communications link failure

The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.
SQL Error code: 0
org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaException: Failed to get schema version.
	at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaHelper.getConnectionToMetastore(HiveSchemaHelper.java:77)
	at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.getConnectionToMetastore(HiveSchemaTool.java:144)
	at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.testConnectionToMetastore(HiveSchemaTool.java:473)
	at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.doInit(HiveSchemaTool.java:577)
	at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.doInit(HiveSchemaTool.java:563)
	at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.main(HiveSchemaTool.java:1145)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:239)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:153)
Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure

The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
	at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:425)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createCommunicationsException(SQLError.java:990)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.<init>(MysqlIO.java:342)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.coreConnect(ConnectionImpl.java:2197)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.connectOneTryOnly(ConnectionImpl.java:2230)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.createNewIO(ConnectionImpl.java:2025)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.<init>(ConnectionImpl.java:778)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection.<init>(JDBC4Connection.java:47)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
	at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:425)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.getInstance(ConnectionImpl.java:386)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.NonRegisteringDriver.connect(NonRegisteringDriver.java:330)
	at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:571)
	at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:215)
	at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaHelper.getConnectionToMetastore(HiveSchemaHelper.java:73)
	... 11 more
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: 拒绝连接
	at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
	at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:339)
	at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:200)
	at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:182)
	at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)
	at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:579)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.StandardSocketFactory.connect(StandardSocketFactory.java:211)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.<init>(MysqlIO.java:301)
	... 26 more
*** schemaTool failed ***

找到问题：mysql拒绝连接，发现root通过本地ip无法登陆mysql，于是把conf/hive-site.xml中的jdbc的ip地址修改为localhost就可以了。（或者给本地ip的root账号赋权）

部分hive-site.xml内容

<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
  <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hive</value>
  <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
</property>

进入hive：

root@zwc-virtual-machine:/home/soft/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/conf# hive
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/soft/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.6.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/soft/hadoop-2.8.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]

Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/home/soft/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/lib/hive-common-2.3.3.jar!/hive-log4j2.properties Async: true
Hive-on-MR is deprecated in Hive 2 and may not be available in the future versions. Consider using a different execution engine (i.e. tez, spark) or using Hive 1.X releases.
hive> 
    > show tables;

hive安装成功。